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To the Digital Age: Research Labs, Start-up Companies, and the Rise of MOS Technology (Johns Hopkins Studies in the History of Technology)
by Ross Knox BassettThe metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor is the fundamental element of digital electronics. The tens of millions of transistors in a typical home—in personal computers, automobiles, appliances, and toys—are almost all derive from MOS transistors. To the Digital Age examines for the first time the history of this remarkable device, which overthrew the previously dominant bipolar transistor and made digital electronics ubiquitous. Combining technological with corporate history, To the Digital Age examines the breakthroughs of individual innovators as well as the research and development power (and problems) of large companies such as IBM, Intel, and Fairchild.Bassett discusses how the MOS transistor was invented but spurned at Bell Labs, and then how, in the early 1960s, spurred on by the possibilities of integrated circuits, RCA, Fairchild, and IBM all launched substantial MOS R & D programs. The development of the MOS transistor involved an industry-wide effort, and Bassett emphasizes how communication among researchers from different firms played a critical role in advancing the new technology. Bassett sheds substantial new light on the development of the integrated circuit, Moore's Law, the success of Silicon Valley start-ups as compared to vertically integrated East Coast firms, the development of the microprocessor, and IBM's multi-billion-dollar losses in the early 1990s. To the Digital Age offers a captivating account of the intricate R & D process behind a technological device that transformed modern society.
To the Euphrates and Beyond: Archaeological Studies in Honour of Maurits N van Loon
by O.M.C. Haex H.H. Curvers P.M.M.G. AkkermansThis book contains papers that reflect the wide-ranging interests of the Dutch archaeologist Maurits van Loon—prehistory, art history, and ancient history. It is a mine of useful information and synthesis for archaeologists working in the region of northern Syria.
To the Moon!: The True Story of the American Heroes on the Apollo 8 Spaceship
by Jeffrey Kluger Ruby ShamirThe exciting and inspiring true story of Apollo 8, the first crewed spaceship to break free of the Earth's orbit and reach the moon, by the best-selling author of Apollo 13.What's more exciting than spaceships and astronauts? How about a spaceship carrying the first astronauts ever to see the moon firsthand--on Christmas!The year was 1968, and the American people were still reeling from the spacecraft fire that killed the Apollo 1 crew a year earlier. On top of that, there were rumors that the Russian cosmonauts were getting ready to fly around the moon. NASA realized that they needed to take a bold step--and that they needed to take it now. They wanted to win the space race against Russia and hold true to President Kennedy's promise to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade. So in a risky move, a few days before Christmas of that year, they sent Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and Bill Anders to the moon! This book about the exciting and inspiring true story of Apollo 8, the first crewed spaceship to break free of Earth's orbit and reach the moon, tells the story of these three brave men, the frantic rush to get their rocket ready, and the journey that gave the American people--and the world--a new look at the planet we live on and the corner of space we inhabit.Filled with the science and training required to put a person into space, and every detail of what it's like to live in a spaceship for days on end (including what happens when astronauts need to use the bathroom), this book is sure to leave kids clamoring for a spot on the next mission to outer space.
To the Stars! (Cloverleaf Books (tm) -- Space Adventures Ser.)
by Gina Bellisario Mike MoranHow do stars shine so bright? Stella's imagination takes her on an adventure to explore the stars. Join her on a mission to visit constellations, learn about the closest star to Earth, and maybe even race a shooting star! Find out more about the fascinating stars in the night sky.
To the Sun! (Cloverleaf Books (tm) -- Space Adventures Ser.)
by Jodie Shepherd Paula J. BeckerThe sun brings light, heat, and energy to Earth! Leela's imagination takes her on a journey to explore the sun. Come aboard her spacecraft as she orbits around the sun and learns what makes it so hot! Find out more about the closest star to our planet.
To Those Who Have Confused You to Be a Person: Words as Violence and Stories of Women's Resistance Online
by Alia DastagirAn urgently needed reckoning with the harm, harassment, and abuse women face on the Internet, complicating how we think about violence online and featuring deep reporting on how women are surviving the trauma—by an award-winning reporterWhen Alia Dastagir published a story for USA Today as part of an investigation into child sexual abuse, she became the target of an online mob launched by QAnon and encouraged by Donald Trump, Jr. While female journalists, politicians, academics, and influencers receive a disproportionate amount of online attacks because of the nature of their professions, all women online experience hate, creating profound harms for individual women and society. In To Those Who Have Confused You to Be a Person, Dastagir uses critical analysis from psychologists, sociologists, neuroscientists, technologists, and philosophers to offer a uniquely deep and intimate look at what women experience during online abuse, as well as how they cope and make meaning out of violence.Dastagir weaves together her story with those of thirteen other women, including a comedian who uses feminist humor to subvert her harassment and an ob-gyn who channels anger over her abuse to fight attacks on reproductive rights. Dastagir explores why language online cannot be ignored, how it damages bodies, when it triggers and traumatizes, and why women&’s responses are so varied. Dastagir analyzes why online abuse is perpetrated by people across the ideological spectrum and how it intersects with the dangers of disinformation. She argues that while online abuse is often framed exclusively as a problem of misogyny, it is also connected to a culture of white supremacy and the systems with which it intertwines. To Those Who Have Confused You to Be a Person is the book on online abuse for this cultural moment, when being online is a daily necessity for so many, even as we grow ever more polarized. Systemic solutions are key to combating violence online, but the narrative of reform does not help women today. This nuanced examination of what it means to effectively cope will empower women to raise their voices against the forces bent on silencing them.
Tobacco: A Cultural History of How an Exotic Plant Seduced Civilization
by Iain GatelyA provocative cultural history explores how tobacco use emerged from an obscure Native American ritual to become a global phenomenon, building and destroying fortunes and empires throughout the world.
The Tobacco Plant Genome (Compendium of Plant Genomes)
by Manuel C. Peitsch Nikolai V. Ivanov Nicolas SierroThis book describes the history of tobacco genomics, from its “discovery” by Europeans to next-generation omics approaches in plant science. The authors primarily focus on the allotetraploid common tobacco plant (N. tabacum); however, separate chapters are dedicated to closely related Nicotiana species, such as N. benthamiana and N. attenuata, for which substantial progress in omics data analysis has been already achieved. While genetic maps, transcriptomes, and physical maps of BAC libraries have significantly enhanced our understanding of the tobacco plant, the genome of tobacco and related Nicotiana species has opened a new era in modern tobacco research. This book addresses current and future industrial and research applications as well as central challenges in tobacco science, including diseases, low variability of cultivars, the genome’s large size, polyploidy, and gene duplication.
Tocotrienols: Vitamin E Beyond Tocopherols, Second Edition
by Barrie Tan Ronald Ross Watson Victor R. PreedyThe first 90 years of vitamin E research has produced prolific and notable discoveries, but until the last few decades, attention has been given mostly to the biological activities and underlying mechanisms of alpha-tocopherol, which we now know is one of more than eight vitamin E isomers. Currently, the non-tocopherol vitamin E molecule tocotrieno
Today is a Great Day!: New Attitudes for Attaining Project Success
by Alfonso BuceroToday is a Great Day! New Attitudes for Attaining Project Success is a beacon of positivity and inspiration to project managers who, in their day-to-day work, are beset with challenges and uncertainty. Through a blend of personal anecdotes, insightful reflections, and practical wisdom, the book shows project managers how to embrace each day with a sense of optimism and purpose.At the book’s core is the message that attitude shapes outcomes. This powerful message helps readers to cultivate a mindset of gratitude and resilience, regardless of the circumstances they may face. Drawing from personal experience navigating the ups and downs of delivering projects, Bucero explains how adopting a positive outlook can transform obstacles into opportunities and setbacks into steppingstones.This call to action encourages readers to apply the insights gained from the book to their own projects. It guides project managers through the steps towards a positive attitude that fosters a project team culture focused on growth and project success. The book: Gives some examples of “positive attitude – project success” for project and organizational success Helps project managers and executives create a positive atmosphere to manage projects successfully Shows how to understand and empathize with all project stakeholders to work efficiently together This book is an attitude implementation guide filled with tools, real-world examples, and global case studies that address an international audience. Based on the author's award-winning background as a project and program manager, as well as a project management trainer and consultant, the book shares case studies, best practices, and mindsets, as well as exercises and checklists, to help project managers and executives adopt winning attitudes that can promote project success.
Today versus Tomorrow: The Sensitivity of the Non-Oil Current Account Balance to Permanent and Current Income
by Alun Thomas Tamim BayoumiA report from the International Monetary Fund.
TOF Range-Imaging Cameras
by David Stoppa Fabio RemondinoToday the cost of solid-state two-dimensional imagers has dramatically dropped, introducing low cost systems on the market suitable for a variety of applications, including both industrial and consumer products. However, these systems can capture only a two-dimensional projection (2D), or intensity map, of the scene under observation, losing a variable of paramount importance, i.e., the arrival time of the impinging photons. Time-Of-Flight (TOF) Range-Imaging (TOF) is an emerging sensor technology able to deliver, at the same time, depth and intensity maps of the scene under observation. Featuring different sensor resolutions, RIM cameras serve a wide community with a lot of applications like monitoring, architecture, life sciences, robotics, etc. This book will bring together experts from the sensor and metrology side in order to collect the state-of-art researchers in these fields working with RIM cameras. All the aspects in the acquisition and processing chain will be addressed, from recent updates concerning the photo-detectors, to the analysis of the calibration techniques, giving also a perspective onto new applications domains.
Toi, robot
by Daniel Canals FloresToi, robot, Il est un sérieux avertissement pour l’humanité. En écrivant cette histoire, un frisson m'a traversé l'âme: l'acronyme I.A. (Intelligence Artificielle) correspondent à celles du génie robotique incontesté Isaac Asimov. Le professeur en était-il conscient? Ce livre est un hommage à son œuvre et à sa vision futuriste inquiétante. La quatrième révolution industrielle et l'égoïsme de quelques-uns engendreront le monstre qui finira par dominer l'Univers et détruire l'espèce humaine...
Toilet: How It Works (My Readers #3)
by David MacaulayEveryone knows what a toilet is for, right? But what exactly happens after you flush? Where does our waste go, and how is it made safe? With his unique blend of informative text and illustration, David Macaulay takes readers on a tour of the bathroom, plumbing, and the sewer system, from the familiar family toilet to the mysterious municipal water treatment plant.
The Toilet Papers
by Sim Van der RynA classic is back in print! One of the favorite books of 1970s back-to-the-landers, The Toilet Papers is an informative, inspiring, and irreverent look at how people have dealt with their wastes through the centuries. In a historical survey, Van der Ryn provides the basic facts concerning human wastes, and describes safe designs for toilets that reduce water consumption and avert the necessity for expensive and unreliable treatment systems. The Toilet Papers provides do-it-yourself plans for a basic compost privy and a variety of graywater systems.
Tolerance Analysis of Electronic Circuits Using MATHCAD
by Robert BoydWritten for the practicing electronics professional, Tolerance Analysis of Electronic Circuits Using MATHCADä offers a comprehensive, step-by-step treatment of methods used to perform analyses essential to the design process of circuit cards and systems of cards, including:worst-case analysis, limits for production testing, component stress analysis, determining if a design meets specification limits, and manufacturing yield analysis Using a practical approach that allows engineers and technicians to put the techniques directly into practice, the author presents the mathematical procedures used to determine performance limits. The topics and techniques discussed include extreme value and root-sum-square analysis using symmetric and asymmetric tolerance, Monte Carlo analysis using normal and uniform distributions, sensitivity formulas, tolerance analyses of opamp offsets, and anomalies of high-Q ac circuits.
Tolerance Analysis of Electronic Circuits Using MATLAB
by Robert BoydWritten for the practicing electronics professional, Tolerance Analysis of Electronic Circuits Using MATLAB offers a comprehensive, step-by-step treatment of methods used to perform analyses essential to the design process of circuit cards and systems of cards, including: worst-case analysis, limits for production testing, component stress analysis, determining if a design meets specification limits, and manufacturing yield analysis
Tolerance to Environmental Contaminants
by Claude Amiard-Triquet Philip S. Rainbow Michèle RoméoTolerance, the ability of populations to cope with the chemical stress resulting from toxic contaminants, has been described in many organisms from bacteria to fungi, from phytoplankton to terrestrial flowering plants, and from invertebrates such as worms to vertebrates like fish and amphibians. The building of tolerance, be it by physiological acc
Tolley's Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service
by John HazlehurstThis is the first of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with theinstallation and servicing of domestic and industrial gas equipment. This volumeexplains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects ofinstalling and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment, from the basics ofcombustion, to burners, pressure and flow, transfer of heat, controls, as well asmaterials and processes, electrical aspects, and metering and measuring devices.The revised fifth edition is brought fully up to date with current Standards andlegislation to reflect recent developments in industry, in line with requirements of theACS Certificates of Competence and NVQs. Covering both natural gas andliquefied petroleum gas, the many illustrations and worked examples includedthroughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion.Volume 1 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put intopractice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companionvolumes: Domestic Gas Installation Practice (Volume 2), and Industrial andCommercial Gas Installation Practice (Volume 3). Combining a comprehensivereference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 1provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicingtechnology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and noneoperational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.
Tolley's Handbook of Disaster and Emergency Management: Principles And Practice
by Tony Moore Raj LakhaThe Civil Contingencies Act 2004 modernised the UK’s approach to disaster and emergency management, taking into account the kinds of threats the country faces in the 21st century, including terrorist threats and threats to the environment. This third edition of the Tolley’s Handbook of Disaster and Emergency Management has been fully updated to cover the topics and themes reflected in the Act, and collates all the key components of disaster and emergency planning for both the public and the private sector, covering both man-made and natural disasters. Written from a UK practitioner’s point of view, using case studies and examples, it helps readers to understand and formulate disaster and emergency policies and systems for their workplace. Its practical approach will help organizations to ensure business continuity and safeguard the health and safety of their staff in the event of a disaster. The new edition has been updated in line with the latest legislation: * Civil Contingencies Act 2004* Amendment to the Control of Major Accident Hazards (COMAH) Regulations* Corporate Manslaughter Bill
Tolley's Industrial and Commercial Gas Installation Practice
by John HazlehurstThis is the third of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with the installation and servicing of domestic and industrial gas equipment. This volume explains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects of installing and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment, from the basics of combustion, to burners, pressure and flow, transfer of heat, controls, as well as materials and processes, electrical aspects, and metering and measuring devices. Covering both Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the many illustrations and worked examples included throughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion. Volume 3 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put into practice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companion volumes: Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service (Volume 1), and Domestic Gas Installation Practice (Volume 2). Combining a comprehensive reference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 3 provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicing technology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and non-operational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.
Tolley's Practical Risk Assessment Handbook
by Mike BatemanRisk assessment has become the backbone of health and safety management in the UK and elsewhere. Employers have a legal duty to prove that risk assessments have been carried out and to ensure that appropriate precautions have been implemented.Mike Bateman demystifies the risk assessment process and how it relates to UK legislation. He covers both the general techniques and the assessment of specific risks, such as hazardous substances (COSHH), noise, manual handling, Display Screen Equipment (DSE) workstations, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), fire, asbestos and work at height. The book is practical in its approach to risk assessment rather than being overly legalistic or academic and tells the reader how to go about risk assessment, not just what the legislation requires. It contains numerous checklists, forms and worked examples for a variety of hazards and industries.This edition has been fully updated to take into account the impact of the following requirements on risk assessments:Work at Height Regulations 2005 – full new chapterControl of Noise at Work Regulations 2005Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order (RRFSO) 2006 Mike Bateman runs his own health and safety consultancy and specialises in risk assessments. He is a corporate member of IOSH and a registered health and safety practitioner.
Tolley's Risk Assessment Workbook Series: Utilities
by Peter Ellis Jaan StantonRisk assessment is the key to successful management of health and safety at work. Risk assessments are carried out in order to quantify and evaluate the significance of workplace hazards so that appropriate control measures can be put in place.Usually, a written record of the assessment is required, detailing the following information:* The hazards – and how much risk is associated.* The risk – with appropriate control measures.* Deadlines – to follow-up the risk assessment to ensure the risk is managed.Failure to carry out risk assessments – punishable by law – is often due to lack of a suitable risk assessment system. Tolley’s Risk Assessment Workbook – Utilities provides that system, both in the form of key background information on how to carry out a risk assessment – understanding relevant legislation and regulations – but most importantly by providing:* Checklists – highlighting key industry-specific hazards and control measures.* Questionnaires – highlighting key questions the risk assessor should ask when analysing the risk posed by the hazard.* Action Plans – to ensure the risk assessment is followed up and completed.The Workbook offers a practical risk assessment system: it shows you how to comply with the law and gives you the foundations of a logical procedure that can be understood easily, put into placed quickly where necessary and adapted to your organisation’s needs.Tolley’s Risk Assessment Workbooks is a series of practical Workbooks providing you with all the information you need to conduct risk assessments in industry-specific areas including: Manufacturing, Retail, Leisure, Education, Offices, and Construction. A special Risk Assessment Workbook on Stress has also been developed in order to facilitate management of this issue which is of key concern to all organisations.
Tolley's Workplace Accident Handbook
by Mark Tyler Olivia Carlton Greg Gordon Alexander Green Amanda Jenkins Kajal Sharma Lauren Thomas Hannah WilsonOccupational safety and health management theory is now rightly focused on pro-activity, risk assessment and management. But it remains important that organizations know what they need to do when accidents happen, both to comply with legislation and to extract all the information from the incident to improve their health and safety management.Tolley’s Workplace Accident Handbook presents in a single volume what needs to be done when an accident occurs – from emergency procedures and legal reporting requirements through to formal investigations and possible legal proceedings. In this new edition, chapters on first aid and accident investigation reports have been added and the rehabilitation chapter has been updated to cover the latest insurance industry initiatives. The Handbook also shows how to learn from the accident data gathered and how to implement recommendations into a company's health and safety management system. The text is supported by checklists, case studies and ready-to-use forms and templates.Health and Safety practitioners in all industries will find this Handbook is packed full of practical and legal advice. It will also be of use to lawyers dealing with accident claims, insurance risk managers, emergency planning, first aid, and enforcement officers, as well as to students on health and safety and specialist accident investigation courses.Mark Tyler is a Chartered Safety and Health Practitioner and a leading Solicitor in the area of health and safety law who has worked on numerous high profile cases such as rail crashes and legionnaires disease. His expertise is supplemented with the practical knowledge of other experts in their individual subject areas.
Tolstoy's Dictaphone: Technology and the Muse
by Sven P. BirkertsWhen the great Russian writer Tolstoy was first offered the use of a brand new invention called the Dictaphone, he refused it, saying that it was sure to be "too dreadfully exciting" and would distract him from his literary endeavors. For this provocative launch of the Graywolf Forum series, Sven Birkerts invited a number of literary writers to tell him how they were reacting to the technological innovations of our day. Do the "dreadful excitements" promised by a digital future cause us to forfeit our time-honored cultural traditions for dubious gain? Or will the electronic millennium usher in an unprecedented age of interconnectedness and opportunities for wider communication? In the tradition of the Graywolf Annuals, this first Graywolf Forum presents a wide range of responses from contemporary creative writers. Contributors: Sven Birkerts, Harvey Blume, Daniel Mark Epstein, Jonathan Franzen, Thomas Frick, Alice Fulton, Albert Goldbarth, Carolyn Guyer, Gerald Howard, Wendy Lesser, Ralph Lombreglia, Carole Maso, Askold Melnyczuk, Robert Pinsky, Wulf Rehder, Lynne Sharon Schwartz, Tom Sleigh, Mark Slouka, Paul West.