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Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) in Computational Mechanics
by Donard de Cogan William J. O'Connor Susan PulkoThe finite element method reigns as the dominant technique for modeling mechanical systems. Originally developed to model electromagnetic systems, the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method proves to match, and in some cases exceed, the effectiveness of finite elements for modeling several types of physical systems. Transmission Line Matrix in Compu
Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) Techniques for Diffusion Applications
by Donard deCoganTransmission Line Matrix (TLM) is a numerical technique which is based upon establishing an analogue between a space and time dependent physical problem and an electrical network which includes transmission lines. By their very nature these enforce time discretization on the network which can then be solved explicitly in the time-domain. Although it is best known in electromagnetic applications, TLM can also be used to model diffusion phenomena, and this book outlines the state of the art in this area. The first part of the book deals with theory and techniques. The second part is devoted to the development of algorithms for specific applications. This is arranged as a historical sequence starting with heat-flow and matter diffusion. The remainder of the book outlines many of the ingenious exploitations of the unique properties of TLM, including topics such as the solution of convection, Poisson, Laplace, and time-dependent Schrodinger equations. Applications in the firing of ceramics, chromatography, image processing, and the solution of inverse thermal problems are also covered.
Transmission Lines
by Richard CollierThis rigorous treatment of transmission lines presents all the essential concepts in a clear and straightforward manner. Key principles are demonstrated by numerous practical worked examples and illustrations, and complex mathematics is avoided throughout. Early chapters cover pulse propagation, sinusoidal waves and coupled lines, all set within the context of a simple lossless equivalent circuit. Later chapters then develop this basic model by demonstrating the derivation of circuit parameters, and the use of Maxwell's equations to extend this theory to major transmission lines. Finally, a discussion of photonic concepts and properties provides valuable insights into the fundamental physics underpinning transmission lines. Covering DC to optical frequencies, this accessible text is an invaluable resource for students, researchers and professionals in electrical, RF and microwave engineering.
Transmission Lines and Wave Propagation
by Philip C. Magnusson Andreas Weisshaar Vijai K. Tripathi Gerald C. AlexanderTransmission Lines and Wave Propagation, Fourth Edition helps readers develop a thorough understanding of transmission line behavior, as well as their advantages and limitations. Developments in research, programs, and concepts since the first edition presented a demand for a version that reflected these advances. Extensively revised, the fourth edition of this bestselling text does just that, offering additional formulas and expanded discussions and references, in addition to a chapter on coupled transmission lines. What Makes This Text So Popular?The first part of the book explores distributed-circuit theory and presents practical applications. Using observable behavior, such as travel time, attenuation, distortion, and reflection from terminations, it analyzes signals and energy traveling on transmission lines at finite velocities. The remainder of the book reviews the principles of electromagnetic field theory, then applies Maxwell's equations for time-varying electromagnetic fields to coaxial and parallel conductor lines, as well as rectangular, circular, and elliptical cylindrical hollow metallic waveguides, and fiber-optic cables. This progressive organization and expanded coverage make this an invaluable reference. With its analysis of coupled lines, it is perfect as a text for undergraduate courses, while graduate students will appreciate it as an excellent source of extensive reference material. This Edition Includes: An overview of fiber optic cables emphasizing the principle types, their propagating modes, and dispersion Discussion of the role of total internal reflection at the core/cladding interface, and the specific application of boundary conditions to a circularly symmetrical propagating mode A chapter on coupled transmission lines, including coupled-line network analysis and basic crosstalk study More information on pulse propagation on lines with skin-effect losses A freeware program available online Solutions manual available with qualifying course adoption
Transmission Network Investment in Liberalized Power Markets (Lecture Notes in Energy #79)
by Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh Juan Rosellón Ingo VogelsangThis book provides a systematic overview of transmission network investment in liberalized power markets. Recent government policies to increase the share of intermittent renewable power generation and other technological innovations present new theoretical as well as practical challenges for transmission investments. Written by experts with a background in both economics and engineering, the book examines the economic and technical fundamentals of regulated and merchant transmission investment, and includes case studies of transmission investment in a number of countries. The book is divided into four parts: Part 1 introduces the basic economics and engineering of transmission network investment, while Part 2 discusses merchant investment in the transmission network. Part 3 then examines transmission investment coordination and smart grids, and lastly, Part 4 describes practical experiences of transmission network investment in power market in various countries.
Transmission Network Protection: Theory and Practice
by YeshwantG. PaithankarFrom the basic fundamentals and principles of protective relaying to current research areas in protective systems and future developments in the field, this work covers all aspects of power system protection. It includes the implementation of relays using electromechanical devices, static devices and microprocessors; distance protection of high voltage and extra high voltage lines, including distance relay errors; and adaptive, dynamic, travelling wave and noise-based relays.
Transmission of Electrical Energy: Overhead Lines
by Ailson P. Moura Adriano Aron Moura Ednardo P. RochaTransmission of Electrical Energy: Overhead Lines takes a computational approach through the use of the Alternative Transient Program (ATPdraw), which is a program of worldwide use. The number of exercises solved, including computer simulations with ATPdraw and source codes in MATLAB® make the work didactic and easy to assimilate, even for those readers new to the subject. The subjects presented throughout the text aims to make the reader understand and gain sufficient knowledge to analyze the operation of overhead transmission lines in a steady-state and in a transient state, besides carrying out an introductory project of a steady-state transmission line. The book can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering.
Transmission Techniques for 4G Systems
by Mario Marques da Silva Americo Correia Rui Dinis Nuno Souto Joao Carlos SilvaFourth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems support current and emergent multimedia services such as mobile TV, social networks and gaming, high-definition TV, video teleconferencing, and messaging services. These systems feature the All-over-IP concept and boast improved quality of service. Several important R&D activities are curren
Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems
by Mario Marques da Silva Americo Correia Rui Dinis Nuno Souto Joao Carlos SilvaDescribing efficient transmission schemes for broadband wireless systems, Transmission Techniques for Emergent Multicast and Broadcast Systems examines advances in transmission techniques and receiver designs capable of supporting the emergent wireless needs for multimedia broadcast and multicast service (MBMS) requirements. It summarizes the resea
Transmissions and Drivetrain Design (Commercial Vehicle Technology)
by Michael HilgersThe aim of this work, consisting of 9 individual, self-contained booklets, is to describe commercial vehicle technology in a way that is clear, concise and illustrative. Compact and easy to understand, it provides an overview of the technology that goes into modern commercial vehicles. Starting from the customer's fundamental requirements, the characteristics and systems that define the design of the vehicles are presented knowledgeably in a series of articles, each of which can be read and studied on their own. This volume, Transmissions and Drivetrain Design, begins with an explanation of how driving resistance and the engine characteristics factor into the configuration of the transmission and transmission ratios. The transmission and its associated assemblies are presented in detail, providing a clear understanding for training and practical applications. Other components of the drivetrain such as the propeller shaft, the clutch and the retarder are also discussed.
Transmissions and Drivetrain Design (Commercial Vehicle Technology)
by Michael Hilgers Wilfried AchenbachThe aim of this work, consisting of 9 individual, self-contained booklets, is to describe commercial vehicle technology in a way that is clear, concise and illustrative. Compact and easy to understand, it provides an overview of the technology that goes into modern commercial vehicles. Starting from the customer's fundamental requirements, the characteristics and systems that define the design of the vehicles are presented knowledgeably in a series of articles, each of which can be read and studied on their own. This volume, Transmissions and Drivetrain Design, begins with an explanation of how driving resistance and the engine characteristics factor into the configuration of the transmission and transmission ratios. The transmission and its associated assemblies are presented in detail, providing a clear understanding for training and practical applications. Other components of the drivetrain such as the propeller shaft, the clutch and the retarder are also discussed.
Transmittierender Faraday-Effekt-Stromsensor (essentials)
by Reiner ThieleReiner Thiele zeigt die Lösung auf, wie die Messung von hohen elektrischen Strömen ohne Eingriff in den Messgrößenkreis gelingt - ein grundsätzliches Problem der elektrischen Energietechnik. Er schlägt dies durch die Applikation des Faraday-Effektes zur Polarisations-Ebenen-Drehung linear polarisierten Lichts in Lichtwellenleitern vor, induziert durch das den stromführenden elektrischen Leiter umgebende Magnetfeld. Eine in Transmission arbeitende erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung aus optischen und elektronischen Komponenten stellt dabei den gewünschten linearen Zusammenhang zwischen Messgröße und Messwert bei Elimination der störenden Doppelbrechung der Lichtwellenleiter her, die sich ansonsten vermindernd auf die Effizienz des Faraday-Effektes auswirkt.
Transnational Higher Education in Computing Courses: Experiences and Reflections
by Jenny Carter Clive RosenThere has been exponential growth in transnational education (TNE) in the last few years as UK universities have looked to expand their markets. Recipient countries have sought short cuts to developing their higher education provision which has proved a lucrative income stream for some universities. But overseas collaborations are not without risk. Recipient countries can be concerned with external influence over curricula, quality being diluted and higher education being infected by neo-imperialism. These concerns are not without foundation. There are risks for providers too. Reputations can be damaged if academic standards are compromised. Conflicts of interest can occur between quality of provision and the pot of gold on offer. Staff can view overseas collaborations as distracting from their research and commitment to home students. Computing is a particularly popular subject for TNE, but critical thinking, analysis, independent learning, and creativity can be compromised. Preventing plagiarism is difficult. Constant changes in technology result in constant curricula revision which causes severe problems for overseas collaborations. This book focuses on TNE in the computing domain. However cross-cultural issues challenge TNE management and administration whatever the subject area. If the ever present tensions are not continuously monitored they can quickly threaten the sustainability of the collaboration. This book identifies many of the threats and some of the solutions. The readership for this book is truly global. Any international development officer in higher education considering an overseas collaboration will benefit from this book. Any academic becoming engaged in, or already involved with a TNE partnership, either as provider or recipient, will gain information and insight into the practice and issues. Researchers in TNE will discover more lines of enquiry. Students considering a course with an overseas provider or in coming to the UK to study will be better prepared thereby enabling a more fulfilling and rewarding experience. Anyone who has an interest in TNE, whether at the senior executive level, operational level, delivering programmes or as a recipient of TNE should read this book. The wealth of experience gathered here will provoke questions, prompt debate and offer solutions. It has been written by people who know the issues, bear the scars and are happy to share their knowledge. It will greatly benefit future transnational collaborations.
A Transnational History of the Internet in Central America, 1985–2000: Networks, Integration, and Development (Palgrave Macmillan Transnational History Series)
by Ignacio SilesThis Palgrave Pivot analyzes how six countries in Central America—Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama—connected to and through computer networks such as UUCP, BITNET and the Internet from the 80s to the year 2000. It argues that this story can only be told from a transnational perspective. To connect to computer networks, Central America built a regional integration project with great implications for its development. By revealing the beginnings of the Internet in this part of the world, this study broadens our understanding of the development of computer networks in the global south. It also demonstrates that transnational flows of knowledge, data, and technologies are a constitutive feature of the historical development of the Internet.
Transnational Research in Technical Communication: Stories, Realities, and Reflections (SUNY series, Studies in Technical Communication)
by Nancy Small; Bernadette LongoTransnational Research in Technical Communication considers the complexities of intercultural projects from a compelling perspective: first-hand narrative reflections. Readers go behind the scenes as scholars share their experiences crossing a variety of borders in their efforts to engage in knowledge-making endeavors. Interwoven through each chapter are stories of how projects were designed, adapted, and sometimes even failed. The collection begins with an introduction situating it at the intersection of recent scholarship in storywork, intercultural research, and technical and professional communication’s social justice turn. Each chapter concludes with discussion questions and recommendations for further reading. The closing chapter reveals a nascent "ethic of transnational and intercultural research" growing out of contributors' lessons learned and generous reflections. Anyone interested in or planning to undertake a transnational or intercultural project can benefit from these storied case studies, and as a result, this collection contributes to moving the field forward as it strives to promote more ethically aware and responsive research.
Transparency and Surveillance as Sociotechnical Accountability: A House of Mirrors (Routledge Studies in Science, Technology and Society #28)
by Deborah G. Johnson Priscilla M. ReganSurveillance and transparency are both significant and increasingly pervasive activities in neoliberal societies. Surveillance is taken up as a means to achieving security and efficiency; transparency is seen as a mechanism for ensuring compliance or promoting informed consumerism and informed citizenship. Indeed, transparency is often seen as the antidote to the threats and fears of surveillance. This book adopts a novel approach in examining surveillance practices and transparency practices together as parallel systems of accountability. It presents the house of mirrors as a new framework for understanding surveillance and transparency practices instrumented with information technology. The volume centers around five case studies: Campaign Finance Disclosure, Secure Flight, American Red Cross, Google, and Facebook. A series of themed chapters draw on the material and provide cross-case analysis. The volume ends with a chapter on policy implications.
Transparency in Biology: Making the Invisible Visible
by Kohei Soga Masakazu Umezawa Kyohei OkuboThis book explains transparency in biology with emphasis on bending and absorption, which together are the essence of transparency. The reader is provided with an understanding of why the interior of the body can be made to appear transparent through the application of elementary physics. Based on the principle of transparency, emerging imaging techniques using near-infrared light to view the body transparently are explained with examples such as cancer detection and temperature imaging of deep tissues. This book is useful to many researchers, including biologists, physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers as well as developers—all who seek a deep understanding of transparency in bioimaging.
Transparent and Flexible MIMO Antenna Technologies for 5G Applications: Transforming 5G with Transparent & Flexible MIMO Antennas (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Jayshri Kulkarni Arpan Desai Heng Tung Hsu Brian Garner Yang Li Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim Vigneswaran DhasarathanThis book presents a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the intricate design process and advanced modeling techniques employed in the creation of cutting-edge antenna geometries specifically tailored to meet the demands of Sub-6 GHz 5G wireless applications and communication systems. The authors provide valuable insights into the selection of flexible substrates, which serve as the foundation for the production of versatile antennas capable of seamlessly integrating into the rapidly evolving 5G and MIMO landscapes. Delving into the depths of antenna design, this book highlights the key aspects surrounding flexible MIMO antennas, showcasing their remarkable compatibility within compact spaces. The authors elucidate the intricacies involved in creating these antennas, illuminating their ability to adapt to challenging environmental conditions while maintaining exceptional performance. Furthermore, the authors delve into the fascinating realm of optimized flexible antenna arrays for MIMO systems, employing both transparent and non-transparent materials. The development of such arrays entails a meticulous optimization process, where a delicate balance between performance, form factor, and functionality is achieved. By shedding light on this complex process, the book equips readers with the knowledge and tools necessary to engineer high-performing, flexible antenna arrays for advanced wireless communication systems. The book embraces a broad scope by encompassing various substrate materials and fabrication techniques. This inclusive approach ensures its relevance and applicability to a wide range of readers, including novice researchers, postgraduate students, research scholars, as well as seasoned professionals and experts in the field of antennas hailing from diverse industries and academic institutions. Moreover, undergraduate students pursuing degrees in Communication Engineering, Electronics Engineering, and Antennas for Wireless Communication Systems will find this book to be an indispensable resource, offering highly pertinent and enlightening content that bridges the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world antenna design challenges.
Transparent Ceramics: Materials, Engineering, and Applications
by Adrian Goldstein Andreas Krell Zeev BurshteinA detailed account of various applications and uses of transparent ceramics and the future of the industry In Transparent Ceramics: Materials, Engineering, and Applications, readers will discover the necessary foundation for understanding transparent ceramics (TCs) and the technical and economic factors that determine the overall worth of TCs. This book provides readers with a thorough history of TCs, as well as a detailed account of the materials, engineering and applications of TC in its various forms; fabrication and characterization specifics are also described. With this book, researchers, engineers, and students find a definitive guide to past and present use cases, and a glimpse into the future of TC materials. The book covers a variety of TC topics, including: ● The methods employed for materials produced in a transparent state ● Detailed applications of TCs for use in lasers, IR domes, armor-windows, and various medical prosthetics ● A review of traditionally used transparent materials that highlights the benefits of TCs ● Theoretical science and engineering theories presented in correlation with learned data ● A look at past, present, and future use-cases of TCs This insightful guide to ceramics that can be fabricated into bulk transparent parts will serve as a must-read for professionals in the industry, as well as students looking to gain a more thorough understanding of the field.
Transparent Ceramics
by Ling Bing Kong Y. Z. Huang W. X. Que T. S. Zhang S. Li J. Zhang Z. L. Dong D. Y. TangThis book covers the latest progress in the field of transparent ceramics, emphasizing their processing as well as solid-state lasers. It consists of 10 chapters covering the synthesis, characterization and compaction, fundamentals of sintering, densification of transparent ceramics by different methods as well as transparent ceramic applications. This book can be used as a reference for senior undergraduate to postgraduate students, researchers, engineers and material scientists working in solid-state physics.
Transparent Conductive Materials: From Materials via Synthesis and Characterization to Applications
by David Levy Erick CastellónEdited by well-known pioneers in the field, this handbook and ready reference provides a comprehensive overview of transparent conductive materials with a strong application focus. Following an introduction to the materials and recent developments, subsequent chapters discuss the synthesis and characterization as well as the deposition techniques that are commonly used for energy harvesting and light emitting applications. Finally, the book concludes with a look at future technological advances. All-encompassing and up-to-date, this interdisciplinary text runs the gamut from chemistry and materials science to engineering, from academia to industry, and from fundamental challenges to readily available applications.
Transparent Designs: Personal Computing and the Politics of User-Friendliness (Studies in Computing and Culture)
by Michael L. BlackThis fascinating cultural history of the personal computer explains how user-friendly design allows tech companies to build systems that we cannot understand.Modern personal computers are easy to use, and their welcoming, user-friendly interfaces encourage us to see them as designed for our individual benefit. Rarely, however, do these interfaces invite us to consider how our individual uses support the broader political and economic strategies of their designers.In Transparent Designs, Michael L. Black revisits early debates from hobbyist newsletters, computing magazines, user manuals, and advertisements about how personal computers could be seen as usable and useful by the average person. Black examines how early personal computers from the Tandy TRS-80 and Commodore PET to the IBM PC and Apple Macintosh were marketed to an American public that was high on the bold promises of the computing revolution but also skeptical about their ability to participate in it. Through this careful archival study, he shows how many of the foundational principles of usability theory were shaped through disagreements over the languages and business strategies developed in response to this skepticism. In short, this book asks us to consider the consequences of a computational culture that is based on the assumption that the average person does not need to know anything about the internal operations of the computers we've come to depend on for everything.Expanding our definition of usability, Transparent Designs examines how popular and technical rhetoric shapes user expectations about what counts as usable and useful as much as or even more so than hardware and software interfaces. Offering a fresh look at the first decade of personal computing, Black highlights how the concept of usability has been leveraged historically to smooth over conflicts between the rhetoric of computing and its material experience. Readers interested in vintage computing, the history of technology, digital rhetoric, or American culture will be fascinated in this book.
Transparent Oxide Electronics
by Rodrigo Martins Pedro Barquinha Elvira Fortunato Luis PereiraTransparent electronics is emerging as one of the most promising technologies for the next generation of electronic products, away from the traditional silicon technology. It is essential for touch display panels, solar cells, LEDs and antistatic coatings.The book describes the concept of transparent electronics, passive and active oxide semiconductors, multicomponent dielectrics and their importance for a new era of novel electronic materials and products. This is followed by a short history of transistors, and how oxides have revolutionized this field. It concludes with a glance at low-cost, disposable and lightweight devices for the next generation of ergonomic and functional discrete devices. Chapters cover:Properties and applications of n-type oxide semiconductors P-type conductors and semiconductors, including copper oxide and tin monoxide Low-temperature processed dielectrics n and p-type thin film transistors (TFTs) - structure, physics and brief history Paper electronics - Paper transistors, paper memories and paper batteries Applications of oxide TFTs - transparent circuits, active matrices for displays and biosensors Written by a team of renowned world experts, Transparent Oxide Electronics: From Materials to Devices gives an overview of the world of transparent electronics, and showcases groundbreaking work on paper transistors
Transparent Water Management Theory: Sefficiency in Sequity (Water Resources Development and Management)
by Naim HaieThis book provides a solid foundation for a comprehensive, systemic and water-centric approach to water management. Said approach integrates two performance principles essential for sustainable water use systems, namely equity and efficiency. Further, it decreases the policy space for decision-making encountered by water managers and makes it easier to arrive at reasonable solutions because of the bounded rationality inherent in its development. By combining the distributive and aggregative principles, the approach offers a transparent and autonomous structure for gathering water data and enabling stakeholder involvement. Lastly, it employs and promotes a unifying language for all types of water use systems, e.g. urban, agricultural and industrial.
Transpecies Design: Design for a Posthumanist World
by Michael Zaretsky Adrian Parr ZaretskyIn May 2019, the United Nations released the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services which warned that human activities will drive nearly one million species to extinction in a few decades. The primary reasons for this are habitat loss and biodiversity demise caused by changing climate, pollution, introducing nonindigenous species, clearing land, over population, and consumption. Given this situation, humans must change course as both human wellbeing and the wellbeing of other-than-human species are imbricated in one another. One way humanity can accomplish the needed transformation is to move beyond an anthropocentric view of life by embracing a transpecies approach that is premised upon interconnected flourishing.Transpecies design, as outlined in this book, offers a new approach to regenerating the natural environment while honoring biodiversity. Rather than presenting the human experience as the goal of design, transpecies design takes the inextricable linkages connecting living things as both its starting point and end goal. As such, it moves beyond human experience serving as the fundamental ingredient for making better design processes and decisions.This book is essential reading for artists, designers, and architects, as well as students of architecture, landscape architecture, interior architecture, art, product design, urban design, planning, environmental philosophy, and cultural studies.