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Biology of Domestic Animals
by Colin G. Scanes Rodney A. HillThere is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.
Biology of Earthworms (Soil Biology #24)
by Ayten KaracaEarthworms, which belong to the order Oligochaeta, comprise roughly 3,000 species grouped into five families. Earthworms have been called 'ecosystem engineers'; much like human engineers, they change the structure of their environments. Earthworms are very versatile and are found in nearly all terrestrial ecosystems. They play an important role in forest and agricultural ecosystems. This Soil Biology volume describes the various facets of earthworms, such as their role in soil improvement, soil structure, and the biocontrol of soil-borne plant fungal diseases. Reviews discuss earthworms' innate immune system, molecular markers to address various issues of earthworm ecology, earthworm population dynamics, and the influences of organic farming systems and tillage. Further topics include the characteristics of vermicompost, relationships between soil earthworms and enzymes, the role of spermathecae, copulatory behavior, and adjustment of the donated sperm volume.
Biology of Echinodermata
by T. YanagisawaThe proceedings of the Seventh International Echinoderm Conference, held at Atami, Japan, September 1990. In addition to sections covering ecology, evolution, reproduction, morphology, molecular biology, developmental biology, physiology, behavior, and paleontology, there are four plenary lectures a
Biology of Floral Scent
by Natalia Dudareva Eran PicherskyAs with nearly all living creatures, humans have always been attracted and intrigued by floral scents. Yet, while we have been manufacturing perfumes for at least 5000 years to serve a myriad of religious, sexual, and medicinal purposes, until very recently, the limitation of our olfactory faculty has greatly hindered our capacity to clearly and ob
Biology of Hevea Rubber
by P. M. PriyadarshanRubber is an economically important material that occurs naturally and can be produced synthetically. Many advances have been made in the understanding of the cultivation and biology of the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis, and this book covers the essential elements of rubber breeding and physiology to provide a guide for cultivators and researchers of this vital crop. It provides an in-depth analysis of plant structure and crop physiology, climatic requirements, latex production, genetics and breeding. It also pays particular attention to biotechnology, molecular biology, soil tillage and crop establishment, nutrition, weed control, environmental and biological constraints, ancillary income generation and clean development management.
Biology of Oral Cancer: Key Apoptotic Regulators
by Prakash S. Bisen Zakir Khan Saurabh BundelaCancer is a class of disease or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues. One new approach in dealing with cancer is through apoptotic regulators, which is the process of controlling cell growth by abnormally prolonging cell survival, facilitating the accumulation of transforming mutations and promoting resistance. Despite a decline in developed countries, cancer has consistently maintained its status as one of the top killers since time immemorial. Exploring cancer management and treatment at the molecular level, Biology of Oral Cancer: Key Apoptotic Regulators presents a key molecular event-apoptosis-in relation to genesis and progression of oral cancer. This book uses oral cancers as the specific means to demonstrate this technique with this particular type of cancer, which is quite prevalent in India and other parts of Asia.
The Biology of Particles in Aquatic Systems, Second Edition
by Roger S. WottonThe Biology of Particles in Aquatic Systems, Second Edition presents the latest information on particulate and dissolved matter found in aquatic habitats ranging from small streams to oceans. Only by studying this matter can we gain an understanding of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems and thus be able to predict changes that may occur as these systems become stressed. Updated and extensively revised, this new edition covers such topics as classification of particulate and dissolved matter, origin and formation of particles aquatic systems, factors affecting particle aggregation, methods for capturing particles by benthic and planktonic animals, and the use of particulate and dissolved organic matter as food.
The Biology of Plant-Insect Interactions: A Compendium for the Plant Biotechnologist
by Chandrakanth EmaniOverviews of biochemical, genetic, and molecular perspectives of plant-insect interactions with added emphasis on bioinformatic, genomic, and transcriptome analysis are comprehensively treated in this book. It presents the agro-ecological and evolutionary aspects of plant-insect interactions with an exclusive focus on the climate change effect on the resetting of plant-insect interactions. A valuable resource for biotechnologists, entomologists, agricultural scientists, and policymakers, the book includes theoretical aspects as a base toward real-world applications of holistic integrated pest management in agro-ecosystems.
Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State (Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine)
by Dov ZiporiBiology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State concentrates upon adult stem cells, particularly on mesenchymal cell populations, which is the author's area of expertise. The text offers the reader a detailed description of the emergence of stem cell research and the dogmas that were created during the first decades of analysis of stem cell properties, particularly those of hemopoietic stem cells. Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State also introduces the reader to the commonly accepted notions regarding stem cell biology, with an emphasis on an alternative view of stemness, i.e. the stem state. In keeping with the popularity of this topic, Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State addresses the major controversies and points of dispute, among researchers in the stem cell field. Overall, Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State presents a well-rounded dialogue about stem cells as it not only concentrates upon the biological elements of stem cell, but also addresses the controversy and hype currently enveloping this popular subject.
Biology, Physiology and Molecular Biology of Weeds
by Mithila JugulamThe book provides comprehensive information on a wide range of topics from biology, physiology, genetics to the use of genomic tools in weed science. The book covers information at a more advanced level than the previously published books in weed science. It covers not only weed genetics and genomics research, but also weed management from an ecological perspective. Furthermore, the book also gives a broad coverage of novel mechanisms of weed resistance to herbicides. More importantly, it includes next generation sequencing techniques and bioinformatics of herbicide resistant genes in weeds.
Biology, Productivity and Bioenergy of Timber-Yielding Plants: An Experimental Technology (SpringerBriefs in Plant Science)
by Ratikanta Maiti Maginot Ngangyo Heya Rahim Foroughbakhch Pournavab Artemio Carrillo-ParraFace to the current global energy crisis, there is an urgent necessity of searching for alternatives to fossil fuels, and this book shows how timber is a promising resource for sustainable energy production. Northeast Mexico represents an important forest resource to satisfy the needs of the population in these areas. In order to harness these forest resources, technology for exploring these valuable resources must be developed. These technologies (with special reference to biology and wood technologies) are available in scattered form in a few books but there is no central, comprehensive source for practical forest scientists for adopting efficient forest management, practice, and exploration. This book deals with the characterization of the vegetation, morphology, phenological development, biomass production (leaf, litter, wood), and bioenergy of some timber-yielding species of Northeast Mexico, which will serve as a guide to study timber-yielding plants in the native vegetation of Tamaulipan thornscrub and experimental plantations. This includes morphology, vegetation cover, biomass production in terms of volume leaf biomass, litter, and volume of fire wood and timber. Special emphasis is given to the estimation of bioenergy products and chemical composition (Ph, extractable lignin, and inorganic elements). Large variations exist in vegetation cover, morphology, phenological development, biomass production of leaf and litter, volume of wood and various variable of bioenergy products among the selected species. The maximum production was found in summer and the volume of the harvestable timber was obtained in experimental plantations. This book, therefore, will serve as a practical handbook to characterize timber-yielding plants, which will help to efficiently manage forestry resources.
Biolubricants Based on Vegetable Oils: From Raw Materials to Specific Uses (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Sergio Nogales Delgado Carmen María Álvez Medina Juan Félix González GonzálezThis is a book about biolubricants. It provides a general overview of these useful products, paying attention to their contribution to green and sustainable chemistry or the circular economy through the implementation of biorefineries. But also, it is a book about General Chemistry, Physics, Engineering, etc., as this specific subject could act as a cornerstone for many multidisciplinary fields. The book’s chapters include several exercises and questions to track reader’s learning and give general and specific idea of how biolubricants are not just a promising research topic, but also a practical reality. The main ideas covered in this work are the following: history, origin and use of biolubricants, main chemical routes to produce them and their quality assessment.
Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #574)
by Christelle Douillet Preston B. RichThrough the study and application of bioluminescence, scientists have painstakingly harnessed a powerful tool that enables us to seek a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms underpinning so many vital biologic systems. In this fully revised and updated second edition of Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers contribute a readable and utilitarian compilation of the newest and most innovative techniques that have emerged in this rapidly expanding and progressively diverse field including methods to assess cell trafficking, protein-protein interactions, intracellular signaling, and apoptosis. Also opening up the possibility to visualize and quantify biological mechanisms in real-time and in in vivo settings, the volume also describes the in vivo study of bacterial or viral infections, transplanted cells, stem cells proliferation, vascular flow, and tumors. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials, equipment, and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition provides protocols that are detailed enough to be followed and adapted by scientific teams who have no previous expertise in bioluminescence in order to foster the potentially numerous breakthroughs and new applications from basic to applied science and medicine that must continue to be developed.
Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, Volume 1 (Methods in Molecular Biology #2524)
by Sung-Bae KimThis detailed collection explores recent advances in molecular imaging techniques involving bioluminescence, currently employed in biolaboratories around the world. Volume 1 delves into techniques for the establishment of luciferins and luciferases, basic in vitro and in vivo applications, as well as protocols on multiplex imaging platforms. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, Fourth Edition, Volume 1 presents practical guidance for researchers and technical staff on how to proceed with bioluminescence studies in their laboratories.
Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, Volume 2 (Methods in Molecular Biology #2525)
by Sung-Bae KimThis detailed collection explores recent advances in molecular imaging techniques involving bioluminescence, currently employed in biolaboratories around the world. Volume 2 delves into techniques for heterogeneous conjugates, protein fragment-complementation assays, BRET-based imaging, as well as instrumentation and software. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Bioluminescence: Methods and Protocols, Fourth Edition, Volume 2 presents practical guidance for researchers and technical staff on how to proceed with bioluminescence studies in their laboratories.
Bioluminescent Imaging: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1098)
by Christian E. Badr"Bioluminescent Imaging: Methods and Protocols" distills a wide range of techniques that use bioluminescence imaging as a tool for visualizing and tracking various biological processes. Covering diverse fields such as cellular and molecular biology, oncology, neurology, infectious diseases, immunology, and others, the detailed chapters of this volume are arranged by topic and describe practical procedures and applications of different bioluminescent reporters, from photoproteins (Aequorin) to bacterial luciferases as well as other secreted (such as Gaussia) and non-secreted luciferases (such as Firefly). Written in the highly successful "Methods in Molecular Biology" series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and expert tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, "Bioluminescent Imaging: Methods and Protocols" aims to provide diverse and comprehensive techniques to researchers interested in implementing bioluminescence-based imaging in their laboratory, regardless of their previous level of experience with such methodologies.
Biomanagement of Metal-Contaminated Soils (Environmental Pollution #20)
by Javed Musarrat Almas Zaidi Mohammad Saghir Khan Reeta GoelHeavy-metal contamination is one of the world's major environmental problems, posing significant risks to agro-ecosystems. Conventional technologies employed for heavy-metal remediation have often been expensive and disruptive. This book provides comprehensive, state-of-the-art coverage of the natural, sustainable alternatives that use a wide range of biological materials in the removal/detoxification of heavy metals, consequently leading to the improvement of crops in these soils. Novel, environmentally friendly and inexpensive solutions are presented based on a sound understanding of metal contamination and the roles of plants and microbes in the management of these toxic soils. Written by worldwide experts, the book provides not only the necessary scientific background but also addresses the challenging questions that require special attention in order to better understand metal toxicity in soils and its management through bioremediation.
Biomanufacture of Functional Carbohydrates
by Jing Wu and Lingqia SuFunctional carbohydrates have low or moderate energy and health-promoting effects. They are greatly favored in a variety of areas, such as food, pharmaceuticals, feed, and agriculture. The low-cost and high-yield manufacturing of functional carbohydrates is a prerequisite for their widespread application. Compared to extraction and chemical methods, biomanufacture dominates the production of functional carbohydrates, and there have been continuous innovations and technological progress over the last decades.Biomanufacture of Functional Carbohydrates provides the systemic introduction of biomanufacture of ten functional carbohydrates. Each chapter introduces the function and application of a functional carbohydrate, and then focuses on the recent advancements of the enzymes and catalytic pathways associated with its biosynthesis. It provides detailed information on the structure and function, molecular modification, and preparation of the relative enzymes and the strategies of preparation of the functional carbohydrates catalyzed by single or complex enzymes and discusses the characteristics of different strategies. The microbial fermentation methods for producing some functional carbohydrates, including details about construction and regulation of recombinant strains, are also described. In addition, this book provides suggestions for future research in the biomanufacture of functional carbohydrates.Features: Presents detailed information of enzymes used for preparation of the functional carbohydrates Focuses on the structure and function, molecular modification, and preparation of the relative enzymes Introduces strategies of preparation of the functional carbohydrates catalyzed by single or complex enzymes Compares the characteristics of different strategies Readers will gain timely and comprehensive knowledge of the emerging science and technology around biomanufacture of functional carbohydrates and how to select, acquire, and use the appropriate enzymes to produce functional carbohydrates and advance the benefits of human life.
Biomanufacturing
by Chander Prakash Sunpreet Singh Rupinder Singh Seeram Ramakrishna B. S. Pabla Sanjeev Puri M. S. UddinCurrent Trends in Biomanufacturing focuses on cutting-edge research regarding the design, fabrication, assembly, and measurement of bio-elements into structures, devices, and systems.The field of biomaterial and biomanufacturing is growing exponentially in order to meet the increasing demands of for artificial joints, organs and bone-fixation devices. Rapid advances in the biological sciences and engineering are leading to newer and viable resources, methods and techniques that may providing better quality of life and more affordable health care services.The book covers the broad aspects of biomanufacturing, including:synthesis of biomaterials;implant coating techniques;spark plasma sintering;microwave processing; andcladding, powder metallurgy and electrospinning.The contributors illustrate the recent trends of biomanufacturing, highlighting the important aspects of biomaterial synthesis, and their use as feedstock of fabrication technologies and their characterization, along with their clinical practices. Current Trends in Biomanufacturing updates researchers and scientists the novelties and techniques of the field, as it summarises numerous aspects of biomanufacturing, including synthesis of biomaterials, fabrication of biomedical structures, their in-vivo/ in-vitro, mechanical analysis and associated ISO standards.
The Biomarker Guide: Biomarkers and Isotopes in the Environment and Human History
by J. M. Moldowan K. E. Peters C. C. WaltersBiomarkers are compounds found in crude oil with structures inherited from once-living organisms. They persist in oil spills, refinery products and archaeological artifacts, and can be used to identify the origin, geological age and environmental conditions prevalent during their formation and alteration. These two volumes will be an invaluable resource for geologists, petroleum geochemists, biogeochemists, environmental and forensic scientists, natural product chemists and archaeologists. The first of two volumes of The Biomarker Guide discusses the origins of biomarkers and introduces basic chemical principles relevant to their study. It goes on to discuss analytical techniques, and the applications of biomarkers in environmental and archaeological problems.
The Biomarker Guide
by J. M. Moldowan C. C. Walters K. E. PetersBiomarkers are compounds found in crude oil with structures inherited from once-living organisms. They persist in oil spills, refinery products and archaeological artifacts, and can be used to identify the origin, geological age and environmental conditions prevalent during their formation and alteration. These two volumes will be an invaluable resource for geologists, petroleum geochemists, biogeochemists, environmental and forensic scientists, natural product chemists and archaeologists. The first of two volumes of The Biomarker Guide discusses the origins of biomarkers and introduces basic chemical principles relevant to their study. It goes on to discuss analytical techniques, and the applications of biomarkers in environmental and archaeological problems.
Biomarkers: Biochemical, Physiological, and Histological Markers of Anthropogenic Stress
by Robert J HuggettThis book provides a survey of biochemical, physiological and histological biomarkers of environmental stress, along with evaluations of the strengths and weaknesses of various techniques for different applications. It features in-depth coverage of such topics as DNA adducts, acetylcholinesterase, ATP, endocrine mechanisms, blood chemistry, histopathological biomarkers, stress proteins, foreign and endogenous metabolites, metallothioneins, to name only a few.The book will be especially useful to toxicologists, biochemists, histologists, immunologists, risk analysis specialists, environmental managers, regulators, environmental scientists and engineers.
Biomarkers and Biosensors for Cervical Cancer Diagnosis
by John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan Jung Heon LeeThis book highlights both conventional and nanomaterials-based biosensors for the detection of cervical cancers. It describes developments in the selective and sensitive electrochemical biosensors based on DNA for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Further, this book covers other nano-biosensing systems such as nano-thermometry-based sensing platforms, mechanical sensing platforms encompassing piezoelectric-based sensors, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy based on PEGylated arginine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, and field-effect transistor-based platforms for the early detection of cervical cancer. Also, it presents conventional platforms such as vibrational spectroscopy and polymerase chain reaction techniques for the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Finally, it reviews currently available biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer and presents strategies for developing novel biomarkers based on cellular and molecular approaches. As such, this book is a comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians working in cervical cancer diagnostics.
Biomarkers And Occupational Health: Progress And Perspectives
by Mortimer L.Mendelsohn John P.Peeters Mary Janet NormandyBiomarkers have emerged as an exciting tool in disease prevention, particularly in the workplace. They may be used to document workers' exposure to toxins, signal the onset of health effects, or identify individuals with susceptibility to certain environmental threats. But the uncertainty is as great as the potential. Are biomarkers suitable for widespread use? How can they be deployed in diverse contexts? How can biological information about workers be handled fairly and ethically?Biomarkers and Occupational Health describes the state of biomarker development, including the implications of the Human Genome program, and presents a range of viewpoints on the future of biomarkers from the leaders in the field.This book explores the three basic types of biomarkers (markers of exposure, markers of health effects, and markers of susceptibility to disease) from a variety of perspectives. It examines what can be learned from well-known exposure sites--Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Chernobyl, and the Hanford nuclear site in the United States, for example--and a wide range of human cases and animal studies. The book also explores the costs and ramifications of developing a large-scale program to monitor potentially exposed workers (e.g., at a cleanup site).A framework is offered for the use of biomarkers based on the mandate to "change the environment before you change the worker." The book explores how to identify ethical issues, how to set development priorities, and how to integrate biomarkers into an occupational health and safety program.The authors present the latest technical findings about markers for chronic beryllium disease as well as markers for exposure to carcinogens, radiation, and chronium--including prospects for detecting long-past exposures.Biomarkers and Occupational Health offers an update on biomarker development and explores a wide scope of issues. This book will be important to occupational health professionals, biomedical researchers, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and labor and management officials involved in worker health issues.Moritmer L. Mendelsohn, M.D., Ph.D., is Vice-Chairman of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) in Japan, which studies the long-term health effects of the atomic blasts in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and he is former Associate Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.John P. Peeters, Ph.D., is a geneticist who is currently directing a division of the Office of Occupational Medicine for the United States Department of Energy.Mary Janet Normandy, Ph.D., is a toxicologist who specializes in the metabolism of xenobiotics in mammalian systems. She is currently a member of the Department of Energy's Office of Occupational Medicine.
Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination
by 0 McCarthyHow can biological markers help assess and predict human health risks? Find out the answers to this question and others in this timely new book examining the use of biological markers in animals and plants for evaluating the ecological and health effects of environmental contamination. The book explains the concept of environmental sentinels, presents example of field studies and discusses the utility of biomarkers within a risk analysis paradigm. Anyone who needs to know how to assess and predict environmental contamination should consider this book essential reading.