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Behavior, Technology, and Organizational Development: Eric Trist and the Tavistock Institute
by Richard TrahairEric Trist was a psychologist, social scientist, and a leading figure in the field of organizational development. He was a founding member of the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations in London and spent many years in United States academia. This book delves into Trist's life to examine the evolution of his work and how he applied social science theory, knowledge, and methods to the organization of working life and its management. Richard Trahair outlines Trist's socio-technical theory of organization and how it applies to the turbulent environment that modern managers face.Trahair begins with Trist's educational career in England and his attitude toward American and English education. He also describes Trist's work to improve the United Kingdom's Army's method of selecting men for officer training in wartime, and his role in the establishment of the Civil Resettlement Units in England.In place of the traditional technology-driven bureaucracy of industry, Trist recommended that social science researchers help reorganize industries on socio-technical lines. Trist provided convincing evidence that organizations dominated by traditional attitudes were inefficient and unsatisfactory. He made it clear that seeing workers as little more than costly extensions of machines and the industrial environment as nothing but a set of competitive market forces seriously limited potential for growth.
Behavior Theory in Public Health Practice and Research
by Bruce Simons-Morton Marc LodygaWritten by experienced behavioral scientists with substantial experience teaching public health students, Behavior Theory in Public Health Practice and Research, Second Edition offers a comprehensive study of health behavior theories that are the foundation of all health education and promotion programs. After presenting the rationale for behavioral science in public health practice, the text methodically describes each theory or set of related theories with ample examples and research that demonstrate how they are applied in public health practice.
Behavior Therapy: First, Second, and Third Waves
by William O’Donohue Akihiko MasudaThis book provides a comprehensive overview of first, second, and third wave behavior therapies, comparing and contrasting their relative strengths and weaknesses. Recent discussion and research has focused intently on third wave behavior therapies, in particular Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). This is in contrast with first wave behavior therapies (what today might be called applied behavior analysis or clinical behavior therapy) and second wave behavior therapies brought about by the “cognitive revolution”. The editors aim to provide a fuller understanding of this psychotherapeutic paradigm, tracking how behavior therapies have evolved through history and various paradigm shifts in the field.To this end, the book is organized into five sections covering:Introduction to the three waves of behavior therapyAssessment and measurement strategiesComparative issues and controversiesApplications of the three waves of behavior therapy to 7 major disorders: anxiety, depression, obesity, psychosis, substance abuse, ADHD, and chronic painImplications of and future directions for behavior therapiesThis volume provides a useful perspective on the evolution of cognitive behavior therapy that will inform the study and practice of a variety of mental health professionals.
Behavior Therapy with Children: Volume 2
by Anthony M. GrazianoThe term behavior modification refers to the systematic analysis and change of human behavior and the principal focus is on overt behavior and its relationships to environmental variables. Behavior modification can be applied in many settings, the nature of which helps to define its subsets. Thus, applied in clinical settings, toward clinical goals, it encompasses the subset behavior therapy. In Behavior Therapy with Children, Volume 2, Anthony M. Graziano focuses on behavior therapy--specifically, the behavioral treatment of children's clinical problems.The field of behavior modification encompasses an astonishingly wide and varied spectrum of concepts about and approaches to education, clinical problems, social programming, and rehabilitation efforts. A conceptually and technologically rich medium, it has been nourished by the psychology laboratory, the school, and the psychiatric clinic. It is an area with diffuse boundaries surrounding a highly active center, within which apparently solid landmarks have already been worn away by the dissolving action of corrective self-criticism--immeasurably aided by the catalysts stirred in by the field's many critics. The activity continues, the dynamic field boils, and the medium enriches itself.There appears to be a tendency, particularly among new behavior therapists, to limit their focus too narrowly to the client's systems of overt behavior. In this project, psychological therapy begins with a personal, interactive social situation in which the generally expected human response of interest, sympathy, and support, is the minimum condition. Graziano maintains that these clinical sensitivity skills must be preserved in behavior therapy and enhance its important contribution to advancing the therapeutic endeavor.
Behavior Therapy with Children: Volume 1
by Anthony M. GrazianoThis consummately well-organized survey brings together the latest and most meaningful writings in behavior therapy with children. Dealing with a variety of childhood behavior problems, it includes theory, evaluation, and application of behavior therapy in terms relevant to the interests of students and professionals in psychology, social work, psychiatry, and education.Individual sections that focus on psychotic children, anti-social or delinquent behavior, mild behavior problems, and the training of parents and other nontraditional therapists follow a historical perspective on the concept of behavior therapy. Specific behavioral approaches are provided, with evaluation of the techniques involved.Ranging from the applied clinical level to critical reviews of the field of behavior therapy, this book provides an authoritative and totally up-to-date discussion of the major behavior modification approaches as applied to children. Intended as a textbook in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in psychology, psychiatry, social work, and education, it will be equally valuable to all professional and paraprofessionals working with the young and seeking definitive information on the use of behavior modification techniques in their work.
Behavior Trees in Robotics and AI: An Introduction (Chapman & Hall/CRC Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Series)
by Petter Ögren Michele ColledanchiseBehavior Trees (BTs) provide a way to structure the behavior of an artificial agent such as a robot or a non-player character in a computer game. Traditional design methods, such as finite state machines, are known to produce brittle behaviors when complexity increases, making it very hard to add features without breaking existing functionality. BTs were created to address this very problem, and enables the creation of systems that are both modular and reactive. Behavior Trees in Robotics and AI: An Introduction provides a broad introduction as well as an in-depth exploration of the topic, and is the first comprehensive book on the use of BTs. <P><P> This book introduces the subject of BTs from simple topics, such as semantics and design principles, to complex topics, such as learning and task planning. For each topic, the authors provide a set of examples, ranging from simple illustrations to realistic complex behaviors, to enable the reader to successfully combine theory with practice. <P><P> Starting with an introduction to BTs, the book then describes how BTs relate to, and in many cases, generalize earlier switching structures, or control architectures. These ideas are then used as a foundation for a set of efficient and easy to use design principles. The book then presents a set of important extensions and provides a set of tools for formally analyzing these extensions using a state space formulation of BTs. <P><P> With the new analysis tools, the book then formalizes the descriptions of how BTs generalize earlier approaches and shows how BTs can be automatically generated using planning and learning. The final part of the book provides an extended set of tools to capture the behavior of Stochastic BTs, where the outcomes of actions are described by probabilities. These tools enable the computation of both success probabilities and time to completion. <P><P> This book targets a broad audience, including both students and professionals interested in modeling complex behaviors for robots, game characters, or other AI agents. Readers can choose at which depth and pace they want to learn the subject, depending on their needs and background.
Behavioral Activation: Distinctive Features (CBT Distinctive Features)
by Jonathan W. Kanter Laura C. Rusch Andrew M. BuschBehavioral activation theory indicates that much clinically relevant human behavior is a function of positive reinforcement, and that when positive reinforcement is reduced, lost, or chronically low depression results. Behavioral activation encourages clients to obtain and nurture the skills that allow them to establish and maintain contact with diverse, stable sources of positive reinforcement. This creates a life of meaning, value and purpose. Behavioral Activation: Distinctive Features clarifies the fundamental theoretical and practical features of behavioral activation, integrating various techniques into a unified whole that is efficient and effective. The book includes numerous case examples and transcribed segments from therapy sessions and outlines behavioral concepts using straightforward terms and examples so that all therapists can see the utility and practical value of this approach. This book will provide essential guidance for students and new therapists, as well as more experienced clinicians wanting to know more about what makes behavioral activation a distinct form of cognitive behavior therapy.
Behavioral Activation for Depression
by Sona Dimidjian Christopher MartellFrom leading experts in behavioral activation research and clinical practice, this volume presents an empirically tested approach for helping clients overcome depression by becoming active and engaged in their own lives. Behavioral activation is a stand-alone treatment whose principles can be integrated easily with other approaches that therapists already use. Guidelines are presented for identifying individualized treatment targets, monitoring and scheduling \u201cantidepressant\u201d activities--experiences that are likely to be rewarding and pleasurable--and decreasing avoidance and ruminative thinking. Rich clinical illustrations include an extended case example that runs throughout the book. More than 20 activity planning forms, worksheets, and other reproducible materials are featured, which book purchasers can also download and print.
Behavioral Activation for Depression, Second Edition: A Clinician's Guide
by Christopher R. Martell Sona Dimidjian Ruth Herman-DunnNoted for its clarity and practical utility, the definitive guide to behavioral activation (BA) is now in a revised and expanded second edition. The authors are leading experts who enumerate BA principles and provide guidelines for assessment and intervention. Clinicians learn effective procedures for structuring each session, identifying and scheduling antidepressant activities, targeting avoidance and rumination, and monitoring progress. Illustrated with an extended case example, sample dialogues, and quick-reference tables, the book features 16 reproducible worksheets and forms. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials--plus a supplemental client booklet--in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size. New to This Edition *Reflects a decade of advances in research, clinical practice, and training. *Chapter on transdiagnostic applications and new treatment settings. *Four additional reproducible appendices: measures of BA client progress and therapist treatment fidelity. *Supplemental downloadable booklet: A Client's Guide to Behavioral Activation.
Behavioral Activation with Adolescents: A Clinician's Guide
by Elizabeth McCauley Kelly A. Schloredt Gretchen R. Gudmundsen Christopher R. Martell Sona DimidjianThis book presents the first behavioral activation (BA) program to help 12- to 18-year-olds overcome depression. The authors provide a systematic framework for increasing adolescents' engagement in rewarding activities and decreasing avoidant behavior. User-friendly features include session-by-session guidelines and agendas, sample scripts, and instructional materials. Strategies are described for actively involving parents and tailoring BA to each teen's needs and developmental level. In a large-size format for easy photocopying, the book contains 35 reproducible handouts. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials.
Behavioral Addiction
by Larry Ashley Lesley Dickson An-Pyng SunWritten in scientific prose that can also be understood by the layperson, this comprehensive volume is a must-read for those working in the addiction field and anyone interested in learning more about this devastating disease.An-Pyng Sun, PhD, is a professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Social Work.Larry Ashley, EdS, LCADC, is the addictions specialist and undergraduate coordinator at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.Lesley Dickson, MD, is ABPN board-certified in general psychiatry, addiction psychiatry, and psychosomatic illness.
Behavioral Addictions: Conceptual, Clinical, Assessment, and Treatment Approaches (Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics)
by Halley M. PontesThis book provides a holistic evidence-based perspective on conceptual, clinical, assessment, and treatment aspects of key non-substance-based addictive disorders related to: gambling, gaming, social media, smartphone, internet, love, sex, exercise, work, and shopping. Each chapter focuses on a different addictive disorder and is structured in a user-friendly way to enable the reader fast navigation, yet the main aspects of the respective disorders are covered in the necessary depth. All in all, this book offers a timely, self-contained introduction to both key concepts and the latest scientific developments in behavioral addictions. It addresses mental health practitioners, researchers in psychology, neuroscience and communication, and undergraduate and postgraduate students alike.
Behavioral Addictions: Criteria, Evidence, and Treatment
by Kenneth Paul Rosenberg Laura Curtiss Feder<p>DSM-V broke new ground in May of 2013, designating a new disorder called "behavioral addiction." Clinicians immediately wanted to know: how is a behavioral addiction different from an impulse control disorder? What are the criteria for determining that some behaviors are addictions rather than impulses? What, if anything, does this mean in terms of effective treatment? <p>Behavioral Addictions is the first and most authoritative text ever written on the subject of behavioral addictions. This comprehensive work explains the criteria used to determine addiction, the evidence for identifying assorted behaviors as addictions, and the evidence-based treatment for each. <p>With contributions from preeminent experts covering an exhaustive list of behavioral addictions, this book is unique in its coverage of behavioral addictions, their criteria, and treatment. It is a valuable and timely resource for any clinician treating addictions.</p>
The Behavioral Advantage: What the Smartest, Most Successful Companies Do Differently to Win in the B2B Arena
by David Pugh Terry BaconIn their book Winning Behavior, Terry Bacon and David Pugh showed how great companies outperform good ones through "behavioral differentiation" -- going beyond superior products and dependable service to connect with customers at every touchpoint. The Behavioral Advantage broadens the concept, applying behavioral differentiation to the business-to-business arena.The best B2B companies depend on a multifront approach to business interaction, and The Behavioral Advantage reveals the secrets behind what is essentially a chess game with competitors. To win the game, companies must develop a carefully plotted opening game, with all internal values, policies, practices, and behaviors fully aligned. A smart and efficient middle game lets the company build and strengthen its position, and the endgame assures victory and lays the groundwork for future business.Just as individual customers do, B2B customers remember those companies whose behavior consistently and significantly outshines even strong competitors. These firms create a lasting advantage -- and reap the profits that come with it.
Behavioral AI: Unleash Decision Making with Data
by Rogayeh TabriziImplement AI and big data at your organization using principles from behavioral economics In Behavioral AI: Unleash Decision Making with Data, behavioral economist Dr. Rogayeh Tabrizi delivers an intuitive roadmap to help organizations disentangle the complexity of their data to create tangible and lasting value. The book explains how to balance the multiple disciplines that power AI and behavioral economics using a combination of the right questions and insightful problem solving. You'll learn why intellectual diversity and combining subject matter experts in psychology, behavior, economics, physics, computer science, and engineering is essential to creating advanced AI solutions. You'll also discover: How behavioral economics principles influence data models and governance architectures and make digital transformation processes more efficient and effective Discussions of the most important barriers to value in typical big data and AI projects and how to bring them down The most effective methodology to help shorten the long, wasteful process of “boiling the ocean of data” An exciting and essential resource for managers, executives, board members, and other business leaders engaged or interested in harnessing the power of artificial intelligence and big data, Behavioral AI will also benefit data and machine learning professionals.
Behavioral Analysis of Maternal Filicide (SpringerBriefs in Psychology)
by Tia A. Hoffer Joy Lynn E. Shelton Yvonne E. MuirheadMaternal filicide has been discussed in the medical, mental health, and child abuse fields, yet little research exists with a criminal justice/law enforcement perspective. Nevertheless, criminal justice professionals responsible for investigation and prosecution of these offenders often must give attention to unique behavioral, social, and psychological dynamics not considered in many other types of cases. The Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) III - Crimes Against Children identified, collected, and reviewed law enforcement case files in which a biological mother killed her child(ren). Collectively, the cases involve 213 biological mothers who killed 265 children, and are comprised of neonaticide, infanticide, and filicide cases. Data analysis revealed that the offenders ranged in age from 12-46 years, and many were unmarried, unemployed, and had a history of violence. Many of the victims were three years of age or younger, did not live with their biological fathers at the time of their deaths, and had a history of maltreatment most often perpetrated by their mothers. In addition, traditional weapons such as a firearm or knife were used less often compared to asphyxiants and blunt force instruments. The authors explore the tenets of female violence, the mother-child dynamic and mental disorders, and address the complexities associated with investigating and prosecuting maternal filicide offenders.
Behavioral Analytics in Social and Ubiquitous Environments: 6th International Workshop on Mining Ubiquitous and Social Environments, MUSE 2015, Porto, Portugal, September 7, 2015; 6th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2015, Florence, Italy, May 19, 2015; 7th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2016, Montreal, QC, Canada, April 12, 2016; Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11406)
by Martin Atzmueller Alvin Chin Florian Lemmerich Christoph TrattnerThe 7 papers presented in this book are revised and significantly extended versions of papers submitted to three related workshops: 6th International Workshop on Mining Ubiquitous and Social Environments, MUSE 2015, held in Porto, Portugal, September 2015, in conjunction with the 6th European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases, ECML-PKDD 2015; 6th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2015, held in Florence, Italy, May 2015, in conjunction with the 24th International World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2015; 7th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2016, Montreal, QC, Canada, April 2016, in conjunction with the 25th International World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2016.
Behavioral and Biochemical Issues in Substance Abuse
by Barry Stimmel Doris Clouet Frank R GeorgeThis excellent book is a concise yet thorough examination of the important and emerging field of the study of biological risk factors in drug abuse. Historically, drug abuse research has concentrated on the contributions of environmental and behavioral factors as the major influences on addiction. The revelatory studies in this volume examine the genetic contributions to drug taking behavior through the use of animal models, cellular experiments and human clinical studies. Behavioral and Biochemical Issues in Substance Abuse provides for the first time in one volume, up-to-date, easily digested reviews of topics concerning biological and genetic factors in drug abuse. Medical researchers in all areas of alcoholism and drug abuse, researchers in pharmacology, psychology, psychiatry and neuroscience, and clinicians interested in biological approaches to alcoholism and drug abuse problems will benefit greatly from this valuable resource. Authoritative contributors clearly demonstrate the capability of genetic factors to modulate the reinforcing or rewarding effects of drugs, thereby altering their addictive potential. In addition to gaining comprehension of the biological factors affecting addiction, a greater understanding of genetics related to drug abuse will enable future research to control biological factors, leading to more accurate studies of behavioral and environmental influences on drug and alcohol abuse.
The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
by Olivier GodefroyThe care of stroke patients has changed dramatically in recent years. As well as improvements in the emergency care of the condition, there have been marked advances in our understanding, management and rehabilitation of residual deficits. This book is about the care of stroke patients focusing on behavioral and cognitive problems. It provides a comprehensive review of the field covering the diagnostic value of these conditions, in the acute and later phases, their requirements in terms of treatment and management, and the likelihood and significance of long-term disability. This book will appeal to all clinicians involved in the care of stroke patients, as well as to neuropsychologists, other rehabilitation therapists and research scientists investigating the underlying neuroscience.
Behavioral and Mental Health Care Policy and Practice: A Biopsychosocial Perspective
by Cynthia Moniz Stephen GorinCynthia Moniz and Stephen Gorin’s Behavioral and Mental Health Care Policy and Practice: A Biopyschosocial Perspective is a new mental health policy textbook that offers students a model for understanding policy in a framework that addresses policy practice. Edited to read like a textbook, each chapter is written by experts on an aspect of mental health policy. The book contains two parts: Part I chronicles and analyzes the evolution of mental health policy; Part II analyzes current policy and teaches students to engage in policy practice issues in different settings and with diverse populations.
Behavioral and Social Sciences in 21st Century Health Care: Contributions and Opportunities
by Gary Rosenberg Andrew WeissmanThe most current information--in the words of the top men in their fields!In this unique book, the leaders of the major United States Institutions--the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse--present intriguing statements on the future of behavior science on health care practices. Alan Leshner, Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, discusses the present and future state of the art in drug abuse and addiction research. Enoch Gordis, Director of the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, talks about the history of alcohol research, the MATCH program, the genetics of alcoholism, and exciting new directions for future research, such as anti-craving medicines. In addition, other valuable chapters contribute insightful observations on the state of contemporary practice in health care, such as: a social work perspective on end-of-life care legislation the myths and realities of prevention principles the factors that determine college students’immunization status ways to integrate social work, social sciences, and health interventions a tribute to social/health services pioneer Doris Siegel
Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence: A Guide to Integrative Care
by William O'Donohue Lauren TolleAdolescence is typically fraught with problems, even under optimal conditions. And when chronic illness is added to the picture, medical and related social issues can complicate, and even disrupt, the course of development. The first text geared toward the integrated care setting, Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence offers clinicians an evidence-based guide to helping their young clients manage their chronic conditions and treating the psychosocial effects--from school problems and stigma to noncompliance and depression--that frequently follow diagnosis. Expert contributors present up-to-date information on epidemiology, symptoms, comorbid psychosocial problems, and treatment options for a variety of common illnesses, arranged to foster effective interventions for adolescents and efficient collaboration with other care providers in the team. Coverage is comprehensive, authoritative, and accessible, ensuring best practice while respecting each client's individuality: Empirically-based treatment guidelines for illnesses commonly found in youth, including Type 1 and 2 diabetes, asthma, cancer, obesity, and chronic pain. Overview of the physiology of adolescence, particularly as it may be affected by medical conditions, and of adolescent brain development. Latest findings on the role of families in teens' adjustment to illness and treatment. Cultural considerations affecting ethnically diverse clients and their families. Detailed discussions of ethical issues relevant to treating chronically ill young people, and of controversies involving pharmacotherapy with this population. Chapters contain useful handouts for clinicians and clients. Taking Care of the Practitioner" chapter with helpful strategies for avoiding burnout. Its emphasis on specific practical information makes Behavioral Approaches to Chronic Disease in Adolescence a "go-to" reference for health psychologists, child and adolescent mental health practitioners, pediatricians and family practitioners, and clinical social workers.
Behavioral Approaches to Pattern Recognition and Concept Formation: Quantitative Analyses of Behavior, Volume VIII (Quantitative Analyses of Behavior Series)
by Michael L. Commons Richard J. Herrnstein Stephen M. Kosslyn David B. MumfordVolume eight in this highly acclaimed series discusses the behavioral approaches to pattern recognition and concept formation in two sections: categories and concepts in birds, and shape and form. An ideal reference for students and professionals in experimental psychology and behavioral analysis.
Behavioral Approaches to Treating Obesity
by Marilynn S. Arnold Birgitta AdolfssonAs governments and health care systems direct more attention and resources to treating the rising rates of obesity worldwide, one thing has become very clear: obesity is best treated as a chronic condition. The most effective approach to care is often a behavioral one, in which health care providers and patients rely on teamwork, respect, and conversation to motivate lifestyle change. This collaborative model is essential because decisions about care ultimately rest with the patient. Working together, care providers and patients can help patients learn to make healthy choices throughout their lives.An effective and detailed guide for health care providers, Behavioral Approaches to Treating Obesity embraces this understanding about treating obesity and explains how to help patients direct their own lifestyle change. With this self-directed approach to clinical care, patients assume more responsibility for their treatment plans, whereas care providers learn to take on the role of guide or counselor.In this book, readers will find strategies for encouraging patients and equipping them for lifestyle change. There is practical advice on many issues and helpful guides for any of a number of difficult scenarios. Some of the features of this guide include:arranging the physical environment of a clinic to accommodate obese patientsbuilding a program to meet the needs of patients in a chronic-care treatment plancase studies to illuminate key issues in behavior changecharts and tables to help implement behavioral approaches in treatmentstep-by-step instructions on helping patients begin lifestyle changedescriptions of how to design and organize an obesity treatment programuseful methods of building a collaborative health care teamReaders will start at the beginning, learning to understand the problems of obesity and risks it poses to the people who suffer from the condition. Then the methods of treatment for obesity are presented, along with analysis of these methods and their effectiveness. In the end, the authors conclude that a new paradigm of care is needed to successfully treat obesity.The next section spends some time redefining the roles of health care providers in providing a collaborative care model of behavioral change therapy. The authors describe the new roles for health care providers and how to cope with those changes, how to build their team, how to create a supportive environment, and then how to structure the care process.The third and final section provides health care providers with the tools they need to introduce behavioral self-care in the clinical environment. This is a step-by-step process, and each step is further explained using case studies from the authors' experiences.The book is completed with an extensive resources section and an updated reference list to promote further research.
Behavioral Archaeology: Principles and Practice (Equinox Handbooks In Anthropological Archaeology Ser.)
by Michael B. SchifferBehavioral archaeology offers a way of examining the past by highlighting human engagement with the material culture of the time. 'Behavioral Archaeology: Principles and Practice' offers a broad overview of the methods and theories used in this approach to archaeology. Opening with an overview of the history and key concepts, the book goes on to systematically cover both principles and practice: the philosophy of science and the scientific method; artifacts and human behavior; archaeological inference; formation processes of the archaeological record; technological change; behavioral change; and ritual and religion. Detailed case studies show the relevance of behavioral method and theory to the wider field of archaeological studies. The book will be invaluable to students of archaeology and anthropology.