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Behavior Science: Philosophical, Methodological, and Empirical Advances
by HAYNE W. REESE and LINDA J. PARROTTFirst published in 1986. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Behavior Science Perspectives on Culture and Community (Behavior Analysis: Theory, Research, and Practice)
by Traci M. Cihon Mark A. MattainiAll science proceeds by progressively building on the work of others while remaining open to new discoveries and challenging existing conceptual frameworks. The same is true of culturo-behavior science.This textbook presents the scientifically rigorous work of the last several decades that has taken a behavior-analytic view of social and cultural processes, with an eye for contributions that address social and cultural issues. The chapters herein explore and elaborate on the history, theories, and methodologies of culturo-behavior science and those of its researchers and practitioners. Throughout this volume, the authors intentionally prompt students to both learn from and question the current theory and methods while shaping their own research and practice.This book presents multiple intersecting perspectives intended for graduate-level students of behavior analysis. Contributors to this volume include many of the major scholars and practitioners conducting research and/or practicing in communities and larger cultural systems. Their work is scientifically guided, systemic, and ecologically valid; it includes basic research as well as efforts having applications in community health, sustainability, environmental issues, and social justice, among other matters. There is material here to support specialists preparing to do research or practice within community and cultural-level systems. As well, students who intend to do direct and clinical work will find the background they need to make contributions to the field as engaged, informed citizens.
Behavior Space: Play, Pleasure and Discovery as a Model for Business Value
by Alexander ManuBehavior Space proposes that corporations do not design products or services anymore: they design behavior spaces. Facebook is not a product, not a technology, but a behavior space. Innovation is the creation of a new behaviour space. The product or service is simply the catalyst that enables a new behavior space to emerge. The size of the behaviour space footprint, represents the potential value a product or service offers; the greater the value potential, the greater the monetization potential. Alexander Manu illustrates how these new concepts are transforming design and product development so that the process changes from a static and product-centred approach to one that is entirely centred on the user and their behaviours that emerge as they interact with what they have bought. He provides a new language to describe the way in which the physical, intellectual and emotional features of products and services achieve a relationship between the user and the brand. And he explains the concept of Play Value, which underpins the attraction for customers and depends on compelling experiences that are challenging, rewarding and absorbing; that never frustrate and that encourage repeated use. Designers and brand managers seeking to understand and exploit commercially the fundamental changes in consumers that are driven by technology, experience and social interaction will find Behavior Space a wonderful place to start.
Behavior Support Strategies for Education Paraprofessionals
by Will HensonEducation paraprofessionals are often tasked with handling a variety of challenging behaviors. Paraprofessionals provide inclusion supports to students with special needs, and act as extra staff in classrooms for students with emotional and behavioral difficulties. Paraprofessionals are often asked to monitor hallways, buses and playgrounds and perform a variety of other important duties that require skill in preventing and managing behavior. This book is designed to teach paraprofessionals important concepts and best practices for handling behaviors. This book covers the following: The book begins with a discussion of how to understand challenging behavior. This book takes the perspective that behaviors are a result of critical skill deficits in social and emotional skills and can be understood from a perspective of their function for the student. Next, this book covers the importance of positive, proactive and collaborative methods for addressing behavior. A central theme of this book is for staff members to move away from reactive, disciplinary methods that stress consequences and contingencies to methods that help students address the underlying needs evidenced by their behavior. A complete review of many different types of behavior management skills, when to use them, how to use them (along with sample dialogue) is provided. This chapter helps the paraprofessional develop a variety of interventions for different students and situations. De-escalation skills with sample dialogue are also provided to help paraprofessionals learn how to work with students who are emotionally escalated and potentially violent. The book provides an in-depth discussion of personal/professional boundary dilemmas when working with students. This includes a definition of six types of professional boundaries, and ways to respond to student boundary violations. The last chapter is devoted to helping paraprofessionals understand common disability categories and psychological diagnoses and debunk some of the myths associated with them. This book is written especially for education paraprofessionals (often called paraeductors, teacher's aides, educational assistants, or para pros.) The book is also appropriate for anyone who works directly with children in the school district including teachers, volunteers, counselors, bus drivers and other staff who may need to manage difficult behavior.
Behavior, Technology, and Organizational Development: Eric Trist and the Tavistock Institute
by Richard TrahairEric Trist was a psychologist, social scientist, and a leading figure in the field of organizational development. He was a founding member of the Tavistock Institute of Human Relations in London and spent many years in United States academia. This book delves into Trist's life to examine the evolution of his work and how he applied social science theory, knowledge, and methods to the organization of working life and its management. Richard Trahair outlines Trist's socio-technical theory of organization and how it applies to the turbulent environment that modern managers face.Trahair begins with Trist's educational career in England and his attitude toward American and English education. He also describes Trist's work to improve the United Kingdom's Army's method of selecting men for officer training in wartime, and his role in the establishment of the Civil Resettlement Units in England.In place of the traditional technology-driven bureaucracy of industry, Trist recommended that social science researchers help reorganize industries on socio-technical lines. Trist provided convincing evidence that organizations dominated by traditional attitudes were inefficient and unsatisfactory. He made it clear that seeing workers as little more than costly extensions of machines and the industrial environment as nothing but a set of competitive market forces seriously limited potential for growth.
Behavior Theory in Public Health Practice and Research
by Bruce Simons-Morton Marc LodygaWritten by experienced behavioral scientists with substantial experience teaching public health students, Behavior Theory in Public Health Practice and Research, Second Edition offers a comprehensive study of health behavior theories that are the foundation of all health education and promotion programs. After presenting the rationale for behavioral science in public health practice, the text methodically describes each theory or set of related theories with ample examples and research that demonstrate how they are applied in public health practice.
Behavior Therapy: First, Second, and Third Waves
by William O’Donohue Akihiko MasudaThis book provides a comprehensive overview of first, second, and third wave behavior therapies, comparing and contrasting their relative strengths and weaknesses. Recent discussion and research has focused intently on third wave behavior therapies, in particular Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). This is in contrast with first wave behavior therapies (what today might be called applied behavior analysis or clinical behavior therapy) and second wave behavior therapies brought about by the “cognitive revolution”. The editors aim to provide a fuller understanding of this psychotherapeutic paradigm, tracking how behavior therapies have evolved through history and various paradigm shifts in the field.To this end, the book is organized into five sections covering:Introduction to the three waves of behavior therapyAssessment and measurement strategiesComparative issues and controversiesApplications of the three waves of behavior therapy to 7 major disorders: anxiety, depression, obesity, psychosis, substance abuse, ADHD, and chronic painImplications of and future directions for behavior therapiesThis volume provides a useful perspective on the evolution of cognitive behavior therapy that will inform the study and practice of a variety of mental health professionals.
Behavior Therapy with Children: Volume 2
by Anthony M. GrazianoThe term behavior modification refers to the systematic analysis and change of human behavior and the principal focus is on overt behavior and its relationships to environmental variables. Behavior modification can be applied in many settings, the nature of which helps to define its subsets. Thus, applied in clinical settings, toward clinical goals, it encompasses the subset behavior therapy. In Behavior Therapy with Children, Volume 2, Anthony M. Graziano focuses on behavior therapy--specifically, the behavioral treatment of children's clinical problems.The field of behavior modification encompasses an astonishingly wide and varied spectrum of concepts about and approaches to education, clinical problems, social programming, and rehabilitation efforts. A conceptually and technologically rich medium, it has been nourished by the psychology laboratory, the school, and the psychiatric clinic. It is an area with diffuse boundaries surrounding a highly active center, within which apparently solid landmarks have already been worn away by the dissolving action of corrective self-criticism--immeasurably aided by the catalysts stirred in by the field's many critics. The activity continues, the dynamic field boils, and the medium enriches itself.There appears to be a tendency, particularly among new behavior therapists, to limit their focus too narrowly to the client's systems of overt behavior. In this project, psychological therapy begins with a personal, interactive social situation in which the generally expected human response of interest, sympathy, and support, is the minimum condition. Graziano maintains that these clinical sensitivity skills must be preserved in behavior therapy and enhance its important contribution to advancing the therapeutic endeavor.
Behavior Therapy with Children: Volume 1
by Anthony M. GrazianoThis consummately well-organized survey brings together the latest and most meaningful writings in behavior therapy with children. Dealing with a variety of childhood behavior problems, it includes theory, evaluation, and application of behavior therapy in terms relevant to the interests of students and professionals in psychology, social work, psychiatry, and education.Individual sections that focus on psychotic children, anti-social or delinquent behavior, mild behavior problems, and the training of parents and other nontraditional therapists follow a historical perspective on the concept of behavior therapy. Specific behavioral approaches are provided, with evaluation of the techniques involved.Ranging from the applied clinical level to critical reviews of the field of behavior therapy, this book provides an authoritative and totally up-to-date discussion of the major behavior modification approaches as applied to children. Intended as a textbook in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in psychology, psychiatry, social work, and education, it will be equally valuable to all professional and paraprofessionals working with the young and seeking definitive information on the use of behavior modification techniques in their work.
Behavior Trees in Robotics and AI: An Introduction (Chapman & Hall/CRC Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Series)
by Petter Ögren Michele ColledanchiseBehavior Trees (BTs) provide a way to structure the behavior of an artificial agent such as a robot or a non-player character in a computer game. Traditional design methods, such as finite state machines, are known to produce brittle behaviors when complexity increases, making it very hard to add features without breaking existing functionality. BTs were created to address this very problem, and enables the creation of systems that are both modular and reactive. Behavior Trees in Robotics and AI: An Introduction provides a broad introduction as well as an in-depth exploration of the topic, and is the first comprehensive book on the use of BTs. <P><P> This book introduces the subject of BTs from simple topics, such as semantics and design principles, to complex topics, such as learning and task planning. For each topic, the authors provide a set of examples, ranging from simple illustrations to realistic complex behaviors, to enable the reader to successfully combine theory with practice. <P><P> Starting with an introduction to BTs, the book then describes how BTs relate to, and in many cases, generalize earlier switching structures, or control architectures. These ideas are then used as a foundation for a set of efficient and easy to use design principles. The book then presents a set of important extensions and provides a set of tools for formally analyzing these extensions using a state space formulation of BTs. <P><P> With the new analysis tools, the book then formalizes the descriptions of how BTs generalize earlier approaches and shows how BTs can be automatically generated using planning and learning. The final part of the book provides an extended set of tools to capture the behavior of Stochastic BTs, where the outcomes of actions are described by probabilities. These tools enable the computation of both success probabilities and time to completion. <P><P> This book targets a broad audience, including both students and professionals interested in modeling complex behaviors for robots, game characters, or other AI agents. Readers can choose at which depth and pace they want to learn the subject, depending on their needs and background.
Behavioral Activation: Distinctive Features (CBT Distinctive Features)
by Jonathan W. Kanter Laura C. Rusch Andrew M. BuschBehavioral activation theory indicates that much clinically relevant human behavior is a function of positive reinforcement, and that when positive reinforcement is reduced, lost, or chronically low depression results. Behavioral activation encourages clients to obtain and nurture the skills that allow them to establish and maintain contact with diverse, stable sources of positive reinforcement. This creates a life of meaning, value and purpose. Behavioral Activation: Distinctive Features clarifies the fundamental theoretical and practical features of behavioral activation, integrating various techniques into a unified whole that is efficient and effective. The book includes numerous case examples and transcribed segments from therapy sessions and outlines behavioral concepts using straightforward terms and examples so that all therapists can see the utility and practical value of this approach. This book will provide essential guidance for students and new therapists, as well as more experienced clinicians wanting to know more about what makes behavioral activation a distinct form of cognitive behavior therapy.
Behavioral Activation for Depression
by Sona Dimidjian Christopher MartellFrom leading experts in behavioral activation research and clinical practice, this volume presents an empirically tested approach for helping clients overcome depression by becoming active and engaged in their own lives. Behavioral activation is a stand-alone treatment whose principles can be integrated easily with other approaches that therapists already use. Guidelines are presented for identifying individualized treatment targets, monitoring and scheduling \u201cantidepressant\u201d activities--experiences that are likely to be rewarding and pleasurable--and decreasing avoidance and ruminative thinking. Rich clinical illustrations include an extended case example that runs throughout the book. More than 20 activity planning forms, worksheets, and other reproducible materials are featured, which book purchasers can also download and print.
Behavioral Activation for Depression, Second Edition: A Clinician's Guide
by Christopher R. Martell Sona Dimidjian Ruth Herman-DunnNoted for its clarity and practical utility, the definitive guide to behavioral activation (BA) is now in a revised and expanded second edition. The authors are leading experts who enumerate BA principles and provide guidelines for assessment and intervention. Clinicians learn effective procedures for structuring each session, identifying and scheduling antidepressant activities, targeting avoidance and rumination, and monitoring progress. Illustrated with an extended case example, sample dialogues, and quick-reference tables, the book features 16 reproducible worksheets and forms. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials--plus a supplemental client booklet--in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size. New to This Edition *Reflects a decade of advances in research, clinical practice, and training. *Chapter on transdiagnostic applications and new treatment settings. *Four additional reproducible appendices: measures of BA client progress and therapist treatment fidelity. *Supplemental downloadable booklet: A Client's Guide to Behavioral Activation.
Behavioral Activation with Adolescents: A Clinician's Guide
by Elizabeth McCauley Kelly A. Schloredt Gretchen R. Gudmundsen Christopher R. Martell Sona DimidjianThis book presents the first behavioral activation (BA) program to help 12- to 18-year-olds overcome depression. The authors provide a systematic framework for increasing adolescents' engagement in rewarding activities and decreasing avoidant behavior. User-friendly features include session-by-session guidelines and agendas, sample scripts, and instructional materials. Strategies are described for actively involving parents and tailoring BA to each teen's needs and developmental level. In a large-size format for easy photocopying, the book contains 35 reproducible handouts. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials.
Behavioral Addiction
by Larry Ashley Lesley Dickson An-Pyng SunWritten in scientific prose that can also be understood by the layperson, this comprehensive volume is a must-read for those working in the addiction field and anyone interested in learning more about this devastating disease.An-Pyng Sun, PhD, is a professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Social Work.Larry Ashley, EdS, LCADC, is the addictions specialist and undergraduate coordinator at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.Lesley Dickson, MD, is ABPN board-certified in general psychiatry, addiction psychiatry, and psychosomatic illness.
Behavioral Addictions: Conceptual, Clinical, Assessment, and Treatment Approaches (Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics)
by Halley M. PontesThis book provides a holistic evidence-based perspective on conceptual, clinical, assessment, and treatment aspects of key non-substance-based addictive disorders related to: gambling, gaming, social media, smartphone, internet, love, sex, exercise, work, and shopping. Each chapter focuses on a different addictive disorder and is structured in a user-friendly way to enable the reader fast navigation, yet the main aspects of the respective disorders are covered in the necessary depth. All in all, this book offers a timely, self-contained introduction to both key concepts and the latest scientific developments in behavioral addictions. It addresses mental health practitioners, researchers in psychology, neuroscience and communication, and undergraduate and postgraduate students alike.
Behavioral Addictions: Criteria, Evidence, and Treatment
by Kenneth Paul Rosenberg Laura Curtiss Feder<p>DSM-V broke new ground in May of 2013, designating a new disorder called "behavioral addiction." Clinicians immediately wanted to know: how is a behavioral addiction different from an impulse control disorder? What are the criteria for determining that some behaviors are addictions rather than impulses? What, if anything, does this mean in terms of effective treatment? <p>Behavioral Addictions is the first and most authoritative text ever written on the subject of behavioral addictions. This comprehensive work explains the criteria used to determine addiction, the evidence for identifying assorted behaviors as addictions, and the evidence-based treatment for each. <p>With contributions from preeminent experts covering an exhaustive list of behavioral addictions, this book is unique in its coverage of behavioral addictions, their criteria, and treatment. It is a valuable and timely resource for any clinician treating addictions.</p>
The Behavioral Advantage: What the Smartest, Most Successful Companies Do Differently to Win in the B2B Arena
by David Pugh Terry BaconIn their book Winning Behavior, Terry Bacon and David Pugh showed how great companies outperform good ones through "behavioral differentiation" -- going beyond superior products and dependable service to connect with customers at every touchpoint. The Behavioral Advantage broadens the concept, applying behavioral differentiation to the business-to-business arena.The best B2B companies depend on a multifront approach to business interaction, and The Behavioral Advantage reveals the secrets behind what is essentially a chess game with competitors. To win the game, companies must develop a carefully plotted opening game, with all internal values, policies, practices, and behaviors fully aligned. A smart and efficient middle game lets the company build and strengthen its position, and the endgame assures victory and lays the groundwork for future business.Just as individual customers do, B2B customers remember those companies whose behavior consistently and significantly outshines even strong competitors. These firms create a lasting advantage -- and reap the profits that come with it.
Behavioral AI: Unleash Decision Making with Data
by Rogayeh TabriziImplement AI and big data at your organization using principles from behavioral economics In Behavioral AI: Unleash Decision Making with Data, behavioral economist Dr. Rogayeh Tabrizi delivers an intuitive roadmap to help organizations disentangle the complexity of their data to create tangible and lasting value. The book explains how to balance the multiple disciplines that power AI and behavioral economics using a combination of the right questions and insightful problem solving. You'll learn why intellectual diversity and combining subject matter experts in psychology, behavior, economics, physics, computer science, and engineering is essential to creating advanced AI solutions. You'll also discover: How behavioral economics principles influence data models and governance architectures and make digital transformation processes more efficient and effective Discussions of the most important barriers to value in typical big data and AI projects and how to bring them down The most effective methodology to help shorten the long, wasteful process of “boiling the ocean of data” An exciting and essential resource for managers, executives, board members, and other business leaders engaged or interested in harnessing the power of artificial intelligence and big data, Behavioral AI will also benefit data and machine learning professionals.
Behavioral Analysis of Maternal Filicide (SpringerBriefs in Psychology)
by Tia A. Hoffer Joy Lynn E. Shelton Yvonne E. MuirheadMaternal filicide has been discussed in the medical, mental health, and child abuse fields, yet little research exists with a criminal justice/law enforcement perspective. Nevertheless, criminal justice professionals responsible for investigation and prosecution of these offenders often must give attention to unique behavioral, social, and psychological dynamics not considered in many other types of cases. The Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) III - Crimes Against Children identified, collected, and reviewed law enforcement case files in which a biological mother killed her child(ren). Collectively, the cases involve 213 biological mothers who killed 265 children, and are comprised of neonaticide, infanticide, and filicide cases. Data analysis revealed that the offenders ranged in age from 12-46 years, and many were unmarried, unemployed, and had a history of violence. Many of the victims were three years of age or younger, did not live with their biological fathers at the time of their deaths, and had a history of maltreatment most often perpetrated by their mothers. In addition, traditional weapons such as a firearm or knife were used less often compared to asphyxiants and blunt force instruments. The authors explore the tenets of female violence, the mother-child dynamic and mental disorders, and address the complexities associated with investigating and prosecuting maternal filicide offenders.
Behavioral Analytics in Social and Ubiquitous Environments: 6th International Workshop on Mining Ubiquitous and Social Environments, MUSE 2015, Porto, Portugal, September 7, 2015; 6th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2015, Florence, Italy, May 19, 2015; 7th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2016, Montreal, QC, Canada, April 12, 2016; Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11406)
by Martin Atzmueller Alvin Chin Florian Lemmerich Christoph TrattnerThe 7 papers presented in this book are revised and significantly extended versions of papers submitted to three related workshops: 6th International Workshop on Mining Ubiquitous and Social Environments, MUSE 2015, held in Porto, Portugal, September 2015, in conjunction with the 6th European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases, ECML-PKDD 2015; 6th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2015, held in Florence, Italy, May 2015, in conjunction with the 24th International World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2015; 7th International Workshop on Modeling Social Media, MSM 2016, Montreal, QC, Canada, April 2016, in conjunction with the 25th International World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2016.
Behavioral and Biochemical Issues in Substance Abuse
by Barry Stimmel Doris Clouet Frank R GeorgeThis excellent book is a concise yet thorough examination of the important and emerging field of the study of biological risk factors in drug abuse. Historically, drug abuse research has concentrated on the contributions of environmental and behavioral factors as the major influences on addiction. The revelatory studies in this volume examine the genetic contributions to drug taking behavior through the use of animal models, cellular experiments and human clinical studies. Behavioral and Biochemical Issues in Substance Abuse provides for the first time in one volume, up-to-date, easily digested reviews of topics concerning biological and genetic factors in drug abuse. Medical researchers in all areas of alcoholism and drug abuse, researchers in pharmacology, psychology, psychiatry and neuroscience, and clinicians interested in biological approaches to alcoholism and drug abuse problems will benefit greatly from this valuable resource. Authoritative contributors clearly demonstrate the capability of genetic factors to modulate the reinforcing or rewarding effects of drugs, thereby altering their addictive potential. In addition to gaining comprehension of the biological factors affecting addiction, a greater understanding of genetics related to drug abuse will enable future research to control biological factors, leading to more accurate studies of behavioral and environmental influences on drug and alcohol abuse.
The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke
by Olivier GodefroyThe care of stroke patients has changed dramatically in recent years. As well as improvements in the emergency care of the condition, there have been marked advances in our understanding, management and rehabilitation of residual deficits. This book is about the care of stroke patients focusing on behavioral and cognitive problems. It provides a comprehensive review of the field covering the diagnostic value of these conditions, in the acute and later phases, their requirements in terms of treatment and management, and the likelihood and significance of long-term disability. This book will appeal to all clinicians involved in the care of stroke patients, as well as to neuropsychologists, other rehabilitation therapists and research scientists investigating the underlying neuroscience.
Behavioral and Mental Health Care Policy and Practice: A Biopsychosocial Perspective
by Cynthia Moniz Stephen GorinCynthia Moniz and Stephen Gorin’s Behavioral and Mental Health Care Policy and Practice: A Biopyschosocial Perspective is a new mental health policy textbook that offers students a model for understanding policy in a framework that addresses policy practice. Edited to read like a textbook, each chapter is written by experts on an aspect of mental health policy. The book contains two parts: Part I chronicles and analyzes the evolution of mental health policy; Part II analyzes current policy and teaches students to engage in policy practice issues in different settings and with diverse populations.
Behavioral and Social Sciences in 21st Century Health Care: Contributions and Opportunities
by Gary Rosenberg Andrew WeissmanThe most current information--in the words of the top men in their fields!In this unique book, the leaders of the major United States Institutions--the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse--present intriguing statements on the future of behavior science on health care practices. Alan Leshner, Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, discusses the present and future state of the art in drug abuse and addiction research. Enoch Gordis, Director of the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, talks about the history of alcohol research, the MATCH program, the genetics of alcoholism, and exciting new directions for future research, such as anti-craving medicines. In addition, other valuable chapters contribute insightful observations on the state of contemporary practice in health care, such as: a social work perspective on end-of-life care legislation the myths and realities of prevention principles the factors that determine college students’immunization status ways to integrate social work, social sciences, and health interventions a tribute to social/health services pioneer Doris Siegel